Page 172 – Biology Notes Online

Penicillium chrysogenum – Morphology, Habitat, Characteristics

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 15 min readby Editorial Team

Kingdom: Fungi Division: Ascomycota Class: Eurotiomycetes Order: Eurotiales Family: Trichocomaceae Genus: Penicillium Species: P. chrysogenum Characteristics and significance Habitat of Penicillium chrysogenum Morphology of Penicillium chrysogenum Genome structure Cultural characteristics of Penicillium chrysogenum Penicillium chrysogenum has distinct cultural characteristics that can help identify it in a laboratory setting. Here are some of its cultural characteristics: Life Cycle of Penicillium chrysogenum … Read more

Alternaria alternata – Habitat, Life Cycle, Morphology, Pathogenesis

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 22 min readby Editorial Team

Alternaria alternata is a fungus that causes leaf spots, rots, blights, and other plant maladies. It is an opportunistic pathogen that affects over 380 plant species. Additionally, it can cause upper respiratory tract infections and asthma in immunocompromised humans. Classification of Alternaria alternata Kingdom Fungi Phylum Ascomycota Class Euascomycetes Order Pleosporales Family Pleosporaceae Genus Alternaria Habitat … Read more

Trichophyton spp – Morphology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 14 min readby Editorial Team

Trichophyton is a genus of fungi that comprises the parasitic species responsible for tinea, athlete’s foot, ringworm, jock itch, and similar infections of the nail, beard, skin, and scalp. Trichophyton fungi are characterized by the development of both macro- and microconidia with smooth walls. Macroconidia are thin- or thick-walled, clavate to fusiform, and range in … Read more

Working Distance – Definition, Measurement, Types, Importance

• Last Updated August 15, 2025 • 0 revisions • 11 min readby Editorial Team

What is Working Distance? Working distance is defined as the distance that is maintained between the “objective lens” and the specimen, during focusing; it is measured along the optical axis of the microscope. It is considered critical, because it determines the space available for manipulating the specimen, adding reagents, or using tools; a short working … Read more

How to Use a Compound Microscope

• Last Updated August 15, 2025 • 0 revisions • 5 min readby Editorial Team

A compound microscope is a laboratory instrument with high magnification power, which is consists of more than one lenses.

Sporothrix schenckii – Morphology, Pathogenesis, Transmission

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 19 min readby Editorial Team

Sporothrix schenckii is a globally distributed fungus that was first isolated from a human specimen in 1896 by medical student Benjamin Schenck. The species is found in soil as well as on living and decaying plant matter, such as peat moss, and in soil. It is capable of infecting both humans and animals and is … Read more

Fungi: Types of Fungi and Their Reproduction.

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 6 min readby Editorial Team

In this article, we will learn about the Types of Fungi and Their Reproduction. There are present 5 types of fungi such as Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Fungi reproduce by vegetative, sexual, and asexual method. The sexual reproduction is accomplished by the mating of haploid hyphae and form a diploid spore called a … Read more

Economic Importance of Fungi In Medicine, Industry, Agriculture, and Food.

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 12 min readby Editorial Team

In this article, we will learn about the Economic Importance of Fungi in agriculture, industries, medicine, etc. There are present a huge number of fungi, which has tremendous economic importance to humans. Every day we benefited or were harmed directly or indirectly by those fungi. They help in yielding antibiotics, maintain the soil fertility, cause … Read more

Reproduction of Fungi – Sexual, Asexual and Vegetative Reproduction

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 6 min readby Editorial Team

There are different modes of reproduction in fungi such as sexual, asexual, and vegetative modes of reproduction. There are involve different methods in asexual mode, sexual mode, and vegetative mode of reproduction, each of these methods are discussed below; Different modes of reproduction in fungi Mainly there are three types of reproduction in fungi such … Read more

Schizosaccharomyces: Morphology, Reproduction, life cycle

• Published on April 13, 2024 • 4 min readby Editorial Team

The S. octosporous contain a haploid somatic cell. During the favorable condition, cells undergo through asexual cycle known as fission and haplobiontic sexual cycle.