Dendritic cell is a special type of antigen presenting cell (APC). It connects innate immune system with adaptive immune system. It is a messenger cell of immunity. It has many branched projections on its surface. These projections are called dendrites. Due to these dendrites, the cell look like tree shaped or star like. Dendritic cells … Read more
Eosinophils are granulocytic white blood cells formed in the bone marrow, then released into blood and tissues. They are identified by bilobed nuclei and eosin-staining granules containing toxic proteins and cytokines, and they participate in immune regulation, tissue repair, and development. The content also outlines eosinophil development, receptors, migration, activation, and degranulation. It emphasizes their … Read more
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and a key part of innate immunity. They are produced in bone marrow, circulate briefly, and rapidly move to infection or injury sites to fight bacteria and fungi through phagocytosis, degranulation, respiratory burst, and NET formation. The content also covers neutrophil development, structure, surface markers, migration, interactions … Read more
B cells or B lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte present in blood and lymphoid organs. It is one of the important cell of adaptive immune system. These cells mainly take part in humoral immunity, where antibody is the main defensive substance. The origin of B lymphocytes is from stem cells of bone marrow. In … Read more
T cell or T lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell which plays an important role in the adaptive immune system. It is mainly involved in the recognition of foreign antigen and destruction of infected cells. It also helps in antibody production and regulation of immune response. T cells are produced from progenitor cells … Read more
Stem cell is a undifferentiated special type of cell which can give rise to many other specialized cells of the body. It is also called body’s master cell. These cells are found in embryo and also in some adult tissues. Stem cells have two important properties. One is self renewal and another is differentiation. Self … Read more
Tumor immunology is the study of interaction between immune system and tumor cells. It deals with how body recognize abnormal neoplastic cells and how these cells escape from immune response. Tumor cells are formed due to abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells. These cells may express new antigens on their surface. These antigens are recognized … Read more
Transplantation is a medical process in which living cells, tissues or organs are transferred from one site to another site. It is done to replace damaged, failed or absent body part. Transplantation is a process in which living cell, tissue or organ is transferred from one site to another site. It is done for replacing … Read more
Nervous system is a complex controlling and coordinating system of the body. It receives stimulus, processes the informations and gives response through muscles and glands. Human nervous system is a highly complex biological network of the human body. It is responsible for coordinating body functions, receiving sensory informations and producing different body responses. It has … Read more
Agglutination test is an immunological and serological test which is used to detect specific antigen or antibody in the patient sample. It is based on the visible clumping reaction between particulate antigen and its specific antibody. In this reaction, antibody binds with more than one antigen particle and form a lattice like network. So the … Read more
