What is Gluconeogenesis? Gluconeogenesis Definition Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process that synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as lactate, glycerol, and amino acids, primarily in the liver and kidneys, to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting or low carbohydrate intake. Location of Gluconeogenesis – Where does Gluconeogenesis Occur? Gluconeogenesis primarily occurs in the liver, which … Read more
By Sourav Pan 6 revisions 19 min readby Sourav Pan
What is Galactose? Galactose is a monosaccharide sugar that is an aldohexose. It is a C-4 epimer of glucose having the same structure as glucose, except that the atoms around carbon no. 4 are arranged differently. This sugar is around 65% of the sweetness of sucrose and is less sweet. It is paired with glucose … Read more
What is Glycogenesis? Definition of Glycogenesis Glycogenesis is the biological process of synthesizing glycogen from glucose molecules, primarily in the liver and muscles, for energy storage and glucose homeostasis. Key Enzymes in Glycogenesis Glycogenesis is the biochemical process that converts glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscle tissues. This process relies on … Read more
What is Glycogenolysis? Glycogenolysis Definition Glycogenolysis is the enzymatic process of breaking down glycogen, a stored polysaccharide, into glucose-1-phosphate and glucose to provide energy or maintain blood sugar levels during fasting or increased energy demand. Glycogenolysis Location Glycogenolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, primarily in the liver and skeletal muscles, with minimal activity in … Read more
What do you mean by Fate of Pyruvate? Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, represents a central intermediate in cellular metabolism. Glycolysis is a sequence of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH in the process. This pathway, also known as the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway, … Read more
By Sourav Pan 9 revisions 30 min readby Sourav Pan
What is Glycogen? Definition of Glycogen Glycogen is a branched polysaccharide made of glucose units that serves as the primary form of glucose storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria. It is primarily stored in the liver and muscles and acts as a readily mobilized energy source when the body needs glucose. Characteristics of Glycogen Glycogen … Read more
By Sourav Pan 9 revisions 41 min readby Sourav Pan
What is glycolysis? Definition of glycolysis Glycolysis is a metabolic process in which glucose, a six-carbon sugar, is broken down into two three-carbon pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules. This anaerobic pathway occurs in the cytosol and is a key step in cellular energy production. Major Features of … Read more
By Sourav Pan 8 revisions 32 min readby Sourav Pan
What is the Electron Transport Chain? Electron transport chain Definition The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and molecules located in membranes, where electrons are transferred through redox reactions to generate a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. Electron Transport Chain Animation Video Fundamentals of the Electron Transport Chain … Read more
What Is Bacterial Transformation? Bacterial Transformation Definition Bacterial transformation is the process by which a bacterium takes up free DNA from its environment and incorporates it into its genome, potentially expressing new traits. Principle of Bacterial Transformation Types of Bacterial Transformation Bacterial transformation can occur naturally or be induced artificially. Both forms allow bacteria to … Read more
What is Bacterial Conjugation? Bacterial Conjugation Definition Bacterial conjugation is a process of genetic exchange where DNA is transferred from a donor cell to a recipient cell through direct contact, typically mediated by a pilus. It is a key mechanism of horizontal gene transfer, often involving plasmids, and contributes to genetic diversity and the spread … Read more
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