Instruments - Page 16 of 16 - Biology Notes Online

How to Use a Microscope Properly: Step-by-Step Guide

Sourav Pan (M.Sc. in Microbiology) • Updated October 14, 2026 • 23 min read

Learn how to use a microscope properly with step-by-step instructions for setup, slide placement, focusing, magnification, safe handling, and care.

Centrifuge Balancing – Procedure, Principle and Tube Charts

Sourav Pan (M.Sc. in Microbiology) • Updated October 14, 2026 • 21 min read

Three centrifuge rotor arrangements showing balanced opposing tubes, a balanced three-tube pattern at 120°, and unequal opposing loads producing an unbalanced force.

Centrifuge balancing explained with step-by-step procedures, mass matching, rotor loading patterns, and charts for balancing 3, 5, and 7 tubes safely.