Immunoelectrophoresis is a biochemical technique which is used for the separation and identification of proteins, mainly immunoglobulins in biological samples. It is a combined method of electrophoresis and immunodiffusion. In this technique, proteins are first separated in agarose gel by applying electric current. After separation, specific antibody is added into the gel. The separated proteins … Read more
Affinity chromatography is a liquid chromatography method. It is used to separate and purify a specific biomolecule from a mixture. It is mostly used for proteins, enzymes, antibodies and nucleic acids. This method is based on the specific binding of target molecule with a ligand. The ligand is fixed on the solid stationary phase. When … Read more
Bench top centrifuge is a compact laboratory instrument which is kept on laboratory table or working bench. It is used for the separation of different components of liquid sample. It works by rotating the sample tubes at high speed with the help of a motorized rotor. During this process, a strong centrifugal force is produced. … Read more
Hematocrit centrifuge is a laboratory instrument used for separation of blood components. It works by high speed centrifugal force. The blood sample is kept in narrow capillary tube and then it is rotated very fast. During centrifugation, the heavier red blood cells (RBCs) move to the bottom of the tube. The plasma remains at the … Read more
Native PAGE is a gel electrophoresis technique used for separation of proteins and nucleic acids. It is called native because the molecule remains in its natural form. The protein is not unfolded during the process. In this method, SDS, urea and reducing agents are not used. So the protein keeps its original charge, shape and … Read more
Bioreactor is a special vessel or system used for growing living cells. It is used for microorganisms, plant cells and animal cells. It gives controlled condition for their growth and activity. In bioreactor, temperature, pH, oxygen level and nutrients are controlled properly. Due to this, the cells grow in suitable condition. The metabolic activity of … Read more
Microtome is an instrument used to cut very thin sections of tissues and other materials. These thin sections are used for microscopic examination. The sections are generally about 1 to 100 micrometer in thickness. The word Microtome is derived from Greek words. Mikros means small and temnein means to cut. So microtome means an instrument … Read more
Spectrophotometer cuvette is a small transparent tube like laboratory vessel that is used to hold liquid, gas or solid sample during spectroscopic analysis. It is derived from French word cuvette, meaning little vessel. It may be square or circular in cross-section and has straight sides. It has at least two parallel and optically clear windows. … Read more
pH meter is an instrument used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It gives the value of pH directly. It is mainly used for aqueous solution. It works like a sensitive voltmeter. It measures the voltage difference produced between two electrodes. One is pH glass electrode and another is reference electrode. The … Read more
Gradient PCR is a modified type of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) used to find the best temperature for PCR reaction. It is mainly used for finding the proper primer annealing temperature. In normal PCR, all the tubes get same temperature. But in gradient PCR, different temperatures are made in different rows or columns of the … Read more
