Microbiology

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Industrial Designs – Objectives, Rights, Infringements, Defences of Design Infringement

Industrial Designs - Objectives, Rights, Infringements, Defences of Design Infringement

What are industrial designs? Objectives of Industrial Designs The objectives of industrial designs are multifaceted, aiming to balance aesthetic appeal, functionality, and legal protection. Here are the primary objectives: Rights in Industrial Designs The rights associated with industrial designs are crucial in safeguarding the visual and non-functional aspects of a product. These rights ensure that … Read more

Protection of Traditional Knowledge – Objective, Significance, Issues

Protection of Traditional Knowledge

What is Traditional Knowledge (TK)? Significance of Traditional Knowledge (TK) The significance of Traditional Knowledge (TK) is deeply rooted in both cultural identity and practical utility for many indigenous and local communities. It forms a fundamental part of their daily lives and is essential for their continued development and sustainability. The following points outline the … Read more

Patents – Definition, Objectives, Rights, Process, Examples

Patents - Definition, Objectives, Rights, Process, Examples

What is Patent? Definition of Patent A patent is a government-granted right that allows an inventor to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a specified period, typically 20 years, in exchange for publicly disclosing the details of the invention. Historical Background of Patents The concept of patents has evolved significantly over … Read more

Copyrights – Definition, Objective, Terms, Rights, Registration, Transfer

Copyrights - Definition, Objective, Terms, Rights, Registration, Transfer

What is Copyright? Definition of Copyright Copyright is a legal right that grants creators exclusive control over the use, reproduction, distribution, and performance of their original works for a limited time. Exclusive Copyright Rights Exclusive copyright rights encompass a set of specific entitlements granted to the copyright owner. These rights enable the owner to control … Read more

Geographical Indications – Definition, Process, Benefits, Examples

Geographical Indications - Definition, Process, Benefits, Examples

What is Geographical Indication? Definition of Geographical Indication A Geographical Indication (GI) is a label used on products that have a specific origin and qualities, reputation, or characteristics linked to that location. It ensures that only products from that region can legally use the name associated with it. Objectives of Geographical Indications The objectives of … Read more

Trademarks – Definition, Objectives, Types, Registration Process, Infringement

Trademarks - Definition, Objectives, Types, Registration Process, Infringement

In this article we will learn about Trademarks Objectives, Types, Rights, Protection of goodwill, Infringement, Passing off, Defences, Domain name. What is Trademark? Definition of Trademark A trademark is a unique word, symbol, phrase, or design used to identify and distinguish the goods or services of one business from those of others. It serves as … Read more

Intellectual Property Rights – Definition, Types, Importance, Examples

Intellectual Property Rights

What is Intellectual Property Right? Definition of Intellectual Property Intellectual Property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, artistic works, designs, symbols, and names, for which exclusive legal rights are granted to the creator or owner to use, sell, or license their creation. Definition of Intellectual Property Right Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) … Read more

Point mutation – Definition, Causes, Types, Examples

Point Mutations

What is Point mutation? Definition of Point mutation A point mutation is a genetic mutation involving a change in a single nucleotide base in the DNA or RNA sequence, which can affect the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Causes of Point mutation Point mutations are primarily caused by various mechanisms that affect the … Read more

Missense Mutation – Definition, Types, Causes, Examples

Missense Mutation

What is Missense Mutation? Definition of Missense Mutation A missense mutation is a type of point mutation in which a single nucleotide change results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein sequence, potentially altering the protein’s function. Types of Missense Mutation There are two Types of Missense Mutation; Causes of … Read more

Nonsense Mutation – Definition, Causes, Mechanism, Examples

Point Mutations

What is Nonsense Mutation? Definition of Nonsense Mutation A nonsense mutation is a genetic alteration that introduces a premature stop codon into the coding sequence of a gene, leading to the production of a truncated and often nonfunctional protein. Causes of nonsense mutation Nonsense mutations are a specific type of genetic mutation where a change … Read more

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