Degradation of Hydrocarbons (oil spills)

Degradation of Hydrocarbons (oil spills)

Types of Hydrocarbon Crude petroleum HCs can be categorised as alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics, polycyclic aromatics, asphaltines, and resins. Alkanes Cycloalkanes  Aromatic HCs Polycyclic aromatic HC Asphaltines and resins Effects of Hydrocarbon The ecological and/or economic effects of direct or indirect exposure of live creatures to hydrocarbon molecules can vary. Principles of Bioremediation Oil Spill Cleaning … Read more

Liquid Waste Management

Liquid Waste Management

Fluid wastes consisting of sewage and residential wastewater, or treated water or other liquids, generated by industrial operations, particularly in the pulp and paper industry, the food processing industry, and the chemical manufacturing industry. What is Liquid Waste Management? Characteristics of Sewage/Liquid Waste In sewage, the death of oxygen-dependent organisms such as aerobic microbes, plants, … Read more

Sewage Treatment – Wastewater Treatment Procedure

Sewage Treatment - Wastewater Treatment Procedure

Wastewater treatment or Sewage Treatment  Characteristics of Wastewater  Chemical Characteristics  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Microbiological Character Wastewater Treatment Process Diverse wastewater treatment technologies exist. We shall explain the treatment methods as they pertain to two distinct circumstances: (1) a single home or unit structure, and (2) a community or municipality. 1. Single Dwelling Unit Anaerobic … Read more

Degradation of Pesticides – Types, Mechanisms

Degradation of Pesticides - Types, Mechanisms

What are Pesticides? any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or controlling any pest, including vectors of human or animal disease, unwanted species of plants or animals, causing harm during or otherwise interfering with the production, processing, storage, transport, or marketing of food, agricultural commodities, wood and wood products or animal feedstuffs; … Read more

Phytoremediation – Definition, Types, Mechanisms

Phytoremediation - Definition, Types, Mechanisms

What is Phytoremediation? Types of Phytoremediation There are three varieties of phytoremediation: 1. In situ phytoremediation Advantages of In situ phytoremediation Disadvantages of In situ phytoremediation 2. In-vivo phytoremediation with relocated contaminants 3. In vitro phytoremediation Processes Of Phytoremediation Phytoremediation is based on certain natural processes carried out by plants, such as:  Mechanisms of phytoremediation … Read more

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)

 Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)

What is Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)? Mechanism of action of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) The synthesis of different chemicals alters the entire microbial community in the rhizosphere niche to facilitate PGPR-mediated plant growth promotion. In general, PGPR stimulates plant growth either directly by enabling resource acquisition (nitrogen, phosphorus, and critical minerals) or indirectly … Read more

Bioaccumulation – Definition, Mechanisms, Applications

Bioaccumulation - Definition, Mechanisms, Applications

What is Bioaccumulation? Definitions of Bioaccumulation Bioaccumulation (increase in chemical concentration) is the process of chemical accumulation in an organism over time. Bioaccumulation, as defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, is the accumulation of a chemical in an organism due to direct uptake from the environmental matrix (bioconcentration) and uptake from … Read more

Soil profile and Soil Horizon – Definition, Types, Importance

Soil profile and Soil Horizon - Definition, Types, Importance

What is Soil? Soil Properties Distribution of soil layers Importance of Soil Soil Forming Factors Climate, organisms, relief, parent material, and time are the five major factors that influence the formation of soil. One may say that the local soil environment is determined by the relief, climate, and organisms, which work together to induce weathering … Read more

Soil Microorganisms – Types, Examples, Factors, Importance 

Soil Microorganisms - Types, Examples, Factors, Importance 

What are Soil Microorganisms or Soil Microflora? The term “soil microflora” is used to describe the community of microorganisms that make up most of the soil’s organic matter and a smaller, colloidal amount of humus. What is Soil Microfauna? What is Soil Microflora? What is Soil Microbiology? Factors Affecting Microbial Community in Soil Like higher … Read more

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