Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a way to measure how much oxygen is needed to chemically oxidize organic and some inorganic substances in water that is acidic and has a strong oxidant, like potassium dichromate. It is usually shown in mg O₂ per liter. To find out how much oxidizable material is in a sample, … Read more
What are Soil Microorganisms or Soil Microflora? The term “soil microflora” is used to describe the community of microorganisms that make up most of the soil’s organic matter and a smaller, colloidal amount of humus. What is Soil Microfauna? What is Soil Microflora? What is Soil Microbiology? Factors Affecting Microbial Community in Soil Like higher … Read more
What is Commensalism? Along with mutualism, the term was coined in 1876 by Belgian palaeontologist and naturalist Pierre-Joseph van Beneden. Beneden first used the term to describe the behaviour of carrion-eating animals that followed predators in order to consume their leftover meal. The term commensalism is derived from the Latin word commensalis, which meaning “table … Read more
What is Amensalism (Antagonism)? Amensalism is a sort of biological interaction in which one species harms another without incurring any costs or gaining any advantages. It is a form of interaction or competitive behaviour between organisms. Modes of Amensalism or Types of Amensalism 1. Competition Example 2. Antibiosis Example Examples of Amensalism In the Ocean, … Read more
Ecological factors are environmental elements that have an effect on organisms and contribute to their distinctive behavioral patterns. These causes create dynamic population or species shifts in a certain geographical location. Types of Ecological Factors Abiotic Factors Abiotic elements are non-living components of an organism’s surroundings. A biotope is a habitat characterised by a certain … Read more
What is Detritus Food Chain? Characteristics of Detritus Food Chain The detritus food chain exhibits several distinct characteristics that set it apart from other food chains. Here are some key characteristics of the detritus food chain: These characteristics collectively highlight the unique features and ecological significance of the detritus food chain. By capitalizing on detritus … Read more
What is Grazing Food Chain? Definition of Grazing Food Chain The grazing food chain is a type of food chain in which energy flows from photosynthetic producers to herbivores and then to carnivores. It starts with green plants that convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis and is characterized by the consumption of plant material by … Read more
What is Biogeochemical Cycle? Definition of Biogeochemical Cycle A biogeochemical cycle is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth’s crust, involving the cycling and recycling of nutrients and elements essential for life. Types of Biogeochemical Cycles Biogeochemical cycles are classified into two main types: gaseous cycles … Read more
What is Ecological efficiency? Energy transfer Energy transfer in an ecosystem is a fundamental process that involves the flow of energy from one trophic level to another. The energy originates from primary production, which occurs in autotrophic organisms such as plants and algae. These photoautotrophs convert solar energy into chemical energy through the process of … Read more
What is Zonation? Definition of Zonation Zonation is the spatial arrangement of distinct ecological communities based on predominant flora and fauna across a gradient, influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. How Does Zonation Works? Zonation in ecological contexts refers to the distinct stratification or partitioning of habitats or ecosystems into zones, each characterized by … Read more
