What is Lock and Key Model? The Lock and Key Model Concept The “Lock and Key Model” is a fundamental concept in enzymology, introduced by Emil Fischer in 1899. This model provides an analogy to explain the specificity exhibited by enzymes during their interactions with substrates. In this analogy, the enzyme is likened to a … Read more
What are Vitamins? Definition of Vitamins Vitamins are organic molecules essential in small amounts for an organism’s proper metabolic function, which are typically obtained through the diet as they cannot be synthesized by the organism in sufficient quantities. History and nomenclature of Vitamins The history and nomenclature of vitamins have their roots in the early … Read more
The retinoids, a group of molecules related to the dietary retinol (vitamin A) , are essential for vision and reproduction, growth and the maintenance of epithelial tissue. They also play an essential part in the immune system. Retinoic acid, which is derived by oxidation of retinol plays a major role in the action of the … Read more
What is Vitamin D? Definition of Vitamin D Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid that plays a crucial role in calcium absorption in the gut, promoting bone health and regulating various other biological functions. It can be naturally obtained from sunlight exposure, certain foods, and supplements. Once ingested or synthesized in the skin, it undergoes … Read more
What is Vitamin E? Definition of Vitamin E Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant essential for human health that protects cell membranes from damage by reactive oxygen species and plays a role in immune function, skin health, and vision. It encompasses a group of eight compounds, including four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Chemical structures of … Read more
What is Vitamin K? Definition of Vitamin K Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for the synthesis of proteins involved in blood coagulation and bone health. It is naturally found in green leafy vegetables, certain animal foods, and is also produced by gut bacteria. Properties of vitamin K Different forms of vitamin K Vitamin … Read more
What is Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)? Definition of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble essential nutrient found in various foods, primarily in citrus fruits. It plays a crucial role in tissue repair, collagen synthesis, and acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage. Humans must obtain it … Read more
What is Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)? Definition of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the metabolism of glucose and amino acids in the body. It plays a critical role in energy production and is vital for the proper function of the nervous system. Thiamine is naturally found … Read more
What is Glycolysis? Glycolysis 10 Steps Glycolysis is a central metabolic pathway that facilitates the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate through a series of enzymatic reactions. This process is methodically organized into ten distinct steps, divided into two primary phases: the Preparatory phase and the Payoff phase. Preparatory Phase: Payoff Phase: In summary, glycolysis is … Read more
What are Macronutrients? The human organism is a complex system that relies on specific nutritional elements to ensure its proper functioning, growth, and maintenance. Within the realm of nutrition, there are two primary categories of nutrients that the body necessitates: macronutrients and micronutrients. This discourse will focus on the former, elucidating its significance, types, and … Read more
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