1. Julius Wagner-Jauregg Julius Wagner-Jauregg was an Austrian psychiatrist. He was the first psychiatrist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is mainly known for introducing malarial therapy for the treatment of neurosyphilis. It is considered as one of the earliest biological treatment in psychiatry. Key Contributions of Julius Wagner-Jauregg Development of … Read more
1. Ignaz Semmelweis Ignaz Semmelweis was a Hungarian physician and obstetrician (1818–1865). He is regarded as the “savior of mothers”. He worked in a maternity clinic in Vienna where high maternal deaths were observed after childbirth. It was during this period that he studied the cause of puerperal fever. Key Contributions of Ignaz Semmelweis Some … Read more
1. Joseph Lister Joseph Lister was a British surgeon and medical scientist. He was born in Essex, England in 1827 in a Quaker family. He is regarded as the father of modern surgery and father of antiseptic surgery. He obtained the degree of Bachelor of Medicine from University College London in 1852. His main work … Read more
Who was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek? Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch scientist who is regarded as the Father of Microbiology. He was born in 1632 in Delft, Netherlands. He did not receive formal higher education and he spoke only Dutch. He started his career as a linen draper. In this work he used small magnifying … Read more
Who Was Louis Pasteur? Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist who is regarded as one of the founder of modern bacteriology and microbiology. He was born in 1822 at Dole in France. His work is considered as the foundation of microbiology and immunology. In the early period of his career, he studied chemistry, … Read more
Who was Robert Koch? Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (1843–1910)was a German physician and microbiologist. He is regarded as one of the founder of modern bacteriology. He is most famous for discovering the specific bacteria causing deadly infectious diseases. Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cholera is caused by Vibrio … Read more
What is Germ Theory of Disease? Germ theory of disease is a scientific theory. It states that many infectious diseases are caused due to invasion of host organism by microscopic pathogens (germs). These germs are not seen by naked eye. These pathogens includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. The germs enters in body and then … Read more
Crystals in urine is the condition in which solid crystalline particles are seen in urine. It is referred to as crystalluria. These crystals are formed when urine contains excess amount of minerals and waste products and they are precipitated out as solid particles. In normal conditions, kidneys filter blood and different dissolved solutes are excreted … Read more
Transmission of diseases is defined as the process by which an infectious agent is transferred from its natural habitat (reservoir) to a new susceptible host. It is the movement of pathogens from one individual to another or from environment to human. This process is an essential part of the chain of infection. Without transmission the … Read more
What is Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)? Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection of urinary system. It is affecting any part of the urinary system which includes bladder, urethra, ureters and kidneys. It is most frequently caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). It occurs more often in women than in men. UTI is … Read more
