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• Beer-Lambert Law – Definition, Derivation, and Limitations
  by Sourav Pan
  April 23, 2025
  The Beer-Lambert Law is a handy principle used to understand how light interacts with substances, like liquids or gases. Imagine ... Read more
• Henderson Hasselbalch Equation – Principle, Uses, Practice, Examples
  by Sourav Pan
  April 23, 2025
  The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is a handy formula used in chemistry and biology to estimate the pH of a solution, especially ... Read more
• HACCP – Definition, History, Principle, Steps, Advantages
  by Sourav Pan
  April 23, 2025
  HACCP, short for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points, is a practical system designed to keep food safe throughout its production. ... Read more
• Economic Importance of Gymnosperms
  by Sourav Pan
  April 22, 2025
  What is a gymnosperm? Uses of Gymnosperms Ecological Importance of Gymnosperms Economic Importance of Gymnosperms 1. Ornamental value of Gymnosperms ... Read more
• Gymnosperms – Characteristics, Life Cycle, Examples, Economic Importance
  by Sourav Pan
  April 22, 2025
  Curious about gymnosperms and their role in the plant kingdom? Whether you’re wondering, “Is a pine tree a gymnosperm?” or “What’s the difference between gymnosperms ... Read more
• Gerhardt’s test – Principle, Procedure, Result
  by BNO Team
  April 22, 2025
  Gerhardt's test is a type of laboratory test which is performed for the qualitative detection of ketone bodies in urine.
• Seliwanoff’s Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Uses
  by BNO Team
  April 21, 2025
  What is Seliwanoff’s Test? Seliwanoff’s Test is a fundamental biochemical assay designed to distinguish between aldose and ketose sugars based ... Read more
• Cell Organelles – Structure, Functions, Diagram
  by BNO Team
  April 19, 2025
  Your body is currently doing a lot of things simultaneously. Your body is sending electrical impulses, pumping blood and filtering urine.
• Gram-Negative Bacteria – Structure, Characteristics, Examples
  by BNO Team
  April 18, 2025
  Gram-negative bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms known for their unique cell structure, which plays a key role in ... Read more
• Krebs Cycle – Definition, Steps, Products, Regulation
  by Sourav Pan
  April 18, 2025
  Ever wondered how your cells turn the food you eat into usable energy? Let’s break down the Krebs cycle—a cornerstone ... Read more

Questions and Answers

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• what is the name of the kinetic intermediate in protein folding where secondary structure elements have formed their regular H-bonding patterns and there has been collapse to separate most nonpolar side chains into the protein interior and most hydrophilic side chains to the protein exterior, but the side chain packing has not yet been optimized to achieve a tightly packed protein interior with a crystalline density?
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  Sourav Pan
• 1. If you did “overload” your Ni+2 Agarose column with a GCE sample that contained too much rGFP, would you expect to see a band in the W2 lane of the Western Blot? If so what is it’s MW? Would you expect to see a band in the E2 lane? If so what is it’s MW? 2. Chromatography columns have a limited protein binding capacity. During the Ni2+ agarose column lab, you shouldnt have overloaded the column. If you did the W2 fraction may have fluoresced slightly. If you see a band in the Western Blot W2 lane, what does this data say about the physical protein structure of rGFP in that lane? Give a possible MW for this band based upon the data.
  <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="83"><span class="relative -mx-px my-[-0.2rem] rounded px-px py-[0.2rem]
  Sourav Pan
• In an erythrocyte undergoing glycolysis, what would be the effect of a sudden increase in the concentration of a. ATP? b. AMP? c. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate? d. fructose-2,6-bisphosphate? e. citrate? f. glucose-6-phosphate?
  <ul> <li class="" data-start="0" data-end="344"> <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="83"><span class="relative -mx-px
  Sourav Pan
• 1. Briefly explain why you should not heat organic solvents over a Bunsen burner flame. 2. Indicate a procedure to solve the following recrystallization problems. (a) oiling out (b) lack of crystal formation (c) presence of colored impurities 3. Compound A, a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 75°C, has the solubility profile shown in the following table. Which of the solvents listed would be a good recrystallizing solvent for Compound A? Briefly explain. Compound A — solubility profile solvent solvent boiling pt. solubility at 25°C solubility at boiling point water 100. c insol. sol. methanol 65°C insol. sol. acetone 56°C sol. sol. diethyl ether 35°C sol. sol. 4. A student purified a 500. mg sample of phthalic acid by recrystallization from water. The published solubility of phthalic acid in 100. mL of water is 0.54 g at 14°C and 18 g at 100.°C. You must show your calculations for the questions below. (a) What is the smallest volume of boiling water the student could use to dissolve 500. mg of phthalic acid? (b) Dissolution of phthalic acid in boiling water produced a clear solution. The student allowed the solution to cool, then put the solution in an ice bath. Crystals formed, and the student isolated 380 mg of phthalic acid. Calculate the percent recovery of phthalic acid in this experiment.
  <ul> <li class="" data-start="0" data-end="361"> <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="361">Organic solvents should
  Sourav Pan
• which cells resemble basophils and are found in connective tissue close to small blood vessels
  <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="109">Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells that
  BNO Team
• outline 2 properties of plasma membrane
  <ul> <li class="" data-start="0" data-end="542"> <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="30"><strong data-start="2" data-end="28">Selective
  BNO Team
• rolling circle model of dna replication
  <ul> <li class="" data-start="0" data-end="245"> <p class="" data-start="2" data-end="33"><strong data-start="2" data-end="31">Initiation
  BNO Team
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