What is cellulose? (C6H10O5)n Cellulose Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass 162.1406 g/mol Density 1.5 g/cm³ Appears White powder Melting Point 260–270 °C Properties of cellulose Structure of cellulose What are cellulases? Cellulases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cellulose, a complex polysaccharide present in plant cell walls. These enzymes are largely produced … Read more
Organic waste adds to greenhouse gas emissions, soil and water contamination, and other environmental problems. Composting, anaerobic digestion, and vermicomposting are among the methods that can be used to manage organic waste. What is Organic waste? Organic waste refers to any waste material that originates from living organisms or their byproducts. This waste can be … Read more
What is lignin? Lignin is a complex, high-molecular-weight polymer made mostly of phenolic compounds. It is found in the cell walls of vascular plants, especially in the secondary cell wall during the development of xylem, phloem fibres, and sclerenchyma cells, which give the plant strength, support, and waterproofing. It is made up of three main … Read more
What is Brucella? Scientific classification of Brucella Domain: Bacteria Phylum: Pseudomonadota Class: Alphaproteobacteria Order: Hyphomicrobiales Family: Brucellaceae Genus: BrucellaMeyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) Characteristics of Brucella Geographical Distribution of Brucellosis Habitat of Brucella Classification of Brucella Species: The genus Brucella comprises both classical and novel species, with some formerly classified under the genus … Read more
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram‑positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium, usually found in clusters that resemble grapes and typically 0.5–1µm in diameter. Harbor, as a commensal organism, in the human nasal passages, skin, and mucous membranes of 20–30% of people without causing disease It is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause a wide range of infections—from simple … Read more
The phyllosphere refers to the entirety of a plant’s above-ground surface, which provides a habitat for microorganisms, particularly in the aerial components such as leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits. Phyllosphere Microorganisms – These are microbiological entities that inhabit the aerial surfaces of plants, particularly the leaf surface (phylloplane). What is Phyllosphere? Phyllosphere – the aerial … Read more
What is Pedogenesis? Pedogenesis is the natural process of soil formation resulting from the interplay of physical, chemical, biological, and climatic elements throughout time. Chronology – In 1883, Vasily Dokuchaev posited that soil is a product of climate, vegetation, parent material, and temporal factors. In 1941, Hans Jenny established the CLORPT model—Climate, Organisms, Relief, Parent … Read more
Pectin is a complicated polysaccharide that is mostly found in the cell walls of plants, notably fruits. It is a structural heteropolysaccharide made up mostly of units of galacturonic acid. Pectin is a glue that holds plant cells together, making the plant tissue strong and stable. In the culinary sector, it is often used as … Read more
Hemicellulose is a group of polysaccharides found in plant cell walls, associated with cellulose and lignin. Unlike cellulose which is a linear polymer of glucose, hemicellulose is a branched, amorphous polymer of various sugar monomers like xylose, mannose, galactose, rhamnose and arabinose. It acts as a matrix component that binds with cellulose fibrils and lignin, … Read more
What is chitin? Structure of chitin What are Chitinases? Chitinases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in chitin They belong to the glycosyl hydrolase family with EC number 3.2.1.14 Two main types exist based on cleavage mode They are produced by bacteria, fungi, plants and some animals for nutrition, defense or … Read more
