Biomolecules and Cell Biology
Biomolecules and Cell Biology
What you'll learn
Fundamental concepts of chemical bonds, water properties, pH, and buffers.
Structure, classification, and biological roles of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Energy flow in biological systems, including thermodynamics, ATP function, and redox reactions.
Enzyme structure, mechanisms of action, classifications, and factors influencing activity.
Structural and functional differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Composition and functions of the plant cell wall and plasma membrane, including transport mechanisms.
Course content
7 sections
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51 lectures
Biomolecules
16 lectures
Types and significance of chemical bonds
Structure and properties of water; pH and buffers
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Carbohydrates: Nomenclature, classification, and roles of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
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Isomers and derivatives of glucose; glucosamine and gluconic acid
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Lipids: Storage and structural types, fatty acids, and triacylglycerols
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Phospholipids: Structure and functions
Lipid micelles, monolayers, bilayers, and lipid-related cell signaling
Proteins: Structure of amino acids, peptide bonds, and levels of protein structure
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Isoelectric point, protein denaturation, and biological roles of proteins
Nucleic acids: Types, Structure and function of nitrogenous bases and nucleotides
Structure of A, B, Z DNA forms
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Sphingolipid – Definition, Structure, Types, Functions
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Classification of Protein On the Basis of Structure, Composition, Functions
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DNA – Definition, Structure, Properties, Types, Functions
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Types of RNA with Structure and Functions
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RNA – Definition, Structure, Types, Application
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Bioenergetics
3 lectures
Laws of thermodynamics and concepts of free energy
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Endergonic, exergonic, and coupled reactions
Redox reactions and the role of ATP as an energy currency molecule
Enzymes
6 lectures
Structure of enzymes: Holoenzymes, apoenzymes, cofactors, and prosthetic groups
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Enzyme classification and features of active sites
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Michaelis-Menten equation and enzyme inhibition
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Factors affecting enzyme activity
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What is Induced Fit Model? – Mechanism, Advantages, Limitations
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What is Lock and Key Model? – Mechanism, Advantages, Limitations
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The Cell
3 lectures
Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane
5 lectures
Chemistry, structure, and function of the plant cell wall
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Overview of membrane function and the fluid mosaic model
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Chemical composition of membranes Lesson
Membrane transport mechanisms: Passive, active, facilitated transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis
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Fluid Mosaic Model of Plasma Membrane
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Cell Organelles
12 lectures
Nucleus: Structure, nuclear envelope, nuclear pore complex, nuclear lamina, and chromatin organization
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Nucleolus: Structure and function
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Cytoskeleton: Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
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Chloroplast: Structural organization and semiautonomous nature
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Peroxisomes: Structure and function
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Endomembrane system: Structure and roles of the endoplasmic reticulum
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – Structure, Functions and Diagram
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Golgi apparatus: Protein glycosylation, sorting, and export
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Lysosomes: Structure and function
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mitochondria
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Differences Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast – Mitochondria vs Chloroplasts
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Rough vs Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Cell Division
6 lectures
Eukaryotic cell cycle: Phases and regulation
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Mitosis: Process and stages
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Meiosis: Process, stages, and significance
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Regulation of the cell cycle
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Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis – Mitosis vs Meiosis
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Checkpoints in the Cell Cycle – G1, G2, Metaphase (Spindle) Checkpoints
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