Practical

What is Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) Staining? Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining is a laboratory staining technique used to detect the presence of specific sugars and carbohydrates in tissue samples. The PAS stain highlights the presence of sugars, glycoproteins, and mucopolysaccharides in biological tissues and cells. The staining process is often used in the diagnosis of diseases … Read more

Romanowsky staining, also known as Romanowsky–Giemsa staining, is a classic staining technique that paved the way for several different but similar stains widely used in haematology (the study of blood) and cytopathology (the study of cells) (the study of diseased cells). Romanowsky stains are used to distinguish cells for microscopic study in pathological materials, particularly … Read more

What is Wheatley Trichrome Staining? In parasitology, intestinal protozoans are typically detected and identified from faeces samples using a specialised permanent technique called Wheatley Trichrome staining. Wheatley Trichrome Stain is suggested for use in qualitative methods for the detection, identification, and distinction of intestinal protozoa from background material. Typically, PVA-fixed or Schaudinn’s solution-preserved faecal specimens … Read more

Since the late 1950s and early 1960s, the positive staining approach has been employed to increase the contrast of biological materials (tissues and cell structures, viruses, etc.). The samples are treated in heavy metal salt solutions that react with cellular structures using this technique and negative staining. Uranyl acetate and lead citrate are the most … Read more

Trichrome stains, such as Masson’s Trichrome, derive its name from the three dyes utilised in the staining process. These three dyes are used to selectively stain muscle, collagen fibres, fibrin, and erythrocytes using acid-base chemistry. Initial placement of tissue slices in Bouin’s solution. As a mordant, Bouin’s solution links the dye to the specific tissue … Read more

In 1961, Darken reported the uptake of calcofluor white, a fluorescent brightener, by actively growing yeasts and higher fungi. Hageage and Harrington outlined the application of calcofluor white (CFW) to demonstrate hyphae and yeasts in clinical specimens. Monheit et al. utilised this dye for intraoperative identification of fungal infection on frozen sections of lung and … Read more

Grocott-Gomori’s Methenamine Silver Staining is a type of special staining technique used in microbiology and histology to visualize fungal organisms, specifically those that form characteristic spores known as arthroconidia. The staining technique was developed in the 1930s by Grocott and Gomori and is based on the use of silver and methenamine. The fungal cells are … Read more

What is silver staining? Silver staining is a powerful and versatile technique used for the detection and identification of proteins in gels. This technique is accomplished by binding silver to the chemical terminal or side chains of amino groups, such as carboxyl and sulfhydryl groups. For decades, silver staining has been used to separate proteins … Read more