Practical - Biology Notes Online

Alkaline Phosphatase Test of Milk – Determination of Phosphatase Activity of Milk

Published on April 26, 2024 12 min readby BNO Team

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that is naturally found within all the raw milks that is utilized to determine the quality of pasteurization of milk. A complete pasteurization process can deactivate the enzyme below levels that can be detected by traditional methods. Because the stability of the heat of ALP is higher than the stability of pathogens that could be found in milk, it serves as a metric of security. However, failure for detection of ALP activity is not a mean an item is safe from pathogens.

Biochemical Test of Providencia stuartii

Published on April 26, 2024 1 min readby BNO Team

Biochemical Test of Providencia stuartii Basic Characteristics Properties (Providencia stuartii) Capsule Non-Capsulated Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Positive (+ve) Flagella Flagellated Gas from glucose Negative (-ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis Negative (-ve) Gram Staining Negative (-ve) Growth in KCN Positive (+ve) H2S Negative (-ve) Indole Positive (+ve) Motility Positive (+ve) MR (Methyl Red) Positive (+ve) Nitrate Reduction Positive (+ve) … Read more

Solubility Tests of Proteins – Principle, Procedure, Result, Application

Published on April 26, 2024 4 min readby BNO Team

Solubility Tests is a type of biochemical test which is performed to check the ability of compounds to dissolve within a liquid solvent.

Fehling’s Test – Principle, Procedure, Result

Published on April 26, 2024 5 min readby BNO Team

This test also can differentiate between ketone functional groups and water-soluble carbohydrates.

Oxidase Test – Definition, Principle, Procedure, Result, Application

Published on April 26, 2024 9 min readby BNO Team

The oxidase test is a biochemical reaction that assays for the presence of cytochrome oxidase, an enzyme sometimes called indophenol oxidase. In the presence of an organism that contains the cytochrome oxidase enzyme, the reduced colorless reagent becomes an oxidized colored product .

Tollens’ Test Definition, Principle, Procedure, Result, Application.

Published on April 26, 2024 4 min readby BNO Team

It is a type of biochemical test which is used to distinguish reducing sugars from non-reducing sugars. This biochemical test is also known as the silver mirror test based on the end product of this test. This test was also used to differentiate between aldehydes and ketones through routine qualitative organic analysis.

Biuret Test For Protein Principle, Procedure, Result, Application.

Last Updated June 4, 2024 0 revisions 20 min readby BNO Team

Proteins are polymers of amino acids. They are complex organic compounds containing nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. Proteins are abundant in our everyday food e.g. egg, soya bean, pulses, fish, milk etc.

CAMP Test – Principle, Procedure, Result

Published on April 25, 2024 7 min readby BNO Team

Christie, Atkins, and Munch-Peterson (CAMP) test

CAMP Test was first discovered by four researchers Christie, Atkins, Munch, and Peterson in 1944, that’s why this test is also known as Christie–Atkins–Munch-Peterson test.

Reverse CAMP test Principle, Procedure, Result

Published on April 25, 2024 2 min readby BNO Team

In this method, the Group B Streptococcus (CAMP test positive) is streaked in the center of sheep blood agar, and Clostridium perfringens is streaked perpendicular to it.

Gelatin Hydrolysis Test – Purpose, Principle, Procedure, Result.

Published on April 25, 2024 12 min readby BNO Team

The gelatin proteins derived from the animal connective tissue, collagen. Gelatin is produced when collagen is boiled in water. A gelatin hydrolysis test is used to detects the presence of gelatinases. Gelatinases are extracellularly secreted by some bacteria which hydrolyze or digest gelatin.