Dot Blot Technique – Principle, Procedure and Applications
Dot blot technique detects specific proteins, DNA, or RNA on a membrane. Explore its principle, protocol, membranes, applications, and result interpretation.
Restriction Digest – Principle, Protocol, Results and Troubleshooting
The restriction enzymes cleave the DNA molecule at a specific site or specific nucleotide sequence, is known as recognition sequences or Restriction sites.
Reverse Blood Grouping – Principle, Requirements, Procedure, Results and Limitations
Reverse blood grouping helps confirm ABO blood types. Learn its principle, tube, slide and gel methods, results chart, limitations and typing discrepancies.
Catalase Test – Principle, Procedure, Results and Uses
Catalase test in microbiology: explore its principle, hydrogen peroxide reaction, slide and tube procedures, positive and negative results, and identification uses.
Xanthoproteic Test – Principle, Procedure, Results and Uses
The xanthoproteic test detects reactive aromatic amino acid groups using nitric acid. Learn its principle, procedure, yellow-to-orange result, and limitations.
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Stain – Principle, Procedure, Result
Myeloperoxidase is a lysosomal enzyme that can be found in the azurophil granules of neutrophils and monocytes.
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)
Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) are highly host-adapted viruses that can cause a variety of diseases in human hosts. (a) herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and (b) herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) are the two forms of HSVs (HSV-2). Both types share DNA homology, antigenic determinants, tissue tropism, and illness symptoms, but their epidemiology … Read more
Influenza A Virus – Structure, Genome, Replication, Treatment, Prevention
What is Influenza Virus? Classification of Influenza Virus Influenza viruses are often classified into three species: influenza A, influenza B, and influenza C. Only types A and B are relevant to human health. Despite the fact that both viruses are capable of infecting humans, genus A often causes widespread disease and epidemics. Influenza A Virus … Read more
Polio Virus – Structure, Genome, Replicationm, Pathogenesis
Polio Virus Structure of Polio Virus In summary, the poliovirus is a small, simple virus that contains a naked RNA genome enclosed in a protein shell. The capsid is composed of four structural proteins that form the basic building blocks of the capsid. The virus does not have a lipid envelope and is insensitive to … Read more
Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV): Structure, Transmission, Symptoms & Prevention
Learn what Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is, its structure and replication, how mosquitoes transmit it, and how JE is diagnosed, treated, and prevented.