Autoclave – Definition, Principle, Parts, Operating Procedure, Uses

Autoclave - Definition, Principle, Parts, Operating Procedure, Uses

What is an autoclave? An autoclave is a device which finds applications in numerous scientific and medical institutions. Its work principle lies in using the pressure of steam for the cleansing of equipment and materials. During the autoclaving process, the following kinds of germs are killed: bacteria, viruses, and spores. The basic idea of autoclave … Read more

Gas Chromatography – Definition, Parts, Principle, Working, uses

Gas Chromatography - Definition, Parts, Principle, Working, uses

What is gas chromatography? Gas chromatography (GC) is a sophisticated technique that separates, identifies, and quantifies chemical components in complex mixtures. It operates on the principle of distributing the components between a mobile phase and a stationary phase. In GC, the mobile phase is an inert gas like helium, and it acts as a carrier … Read more

Migration in Fishes – Causes, Types, Methods, Significance

Migration in Fishes - Causes, Types, Methods, Significance

What is Fish migration? Fish migration is the active, regular movement of fish populations from one place to another, often over long distances and various environments. This behavior is critical to the survival of fish and is a function of varied ecological, environmental, and biological factors. Fish migration is specific to different fish species, ranging … Read more

Epi-Fluorescence Microscopy – Principle, Parts, Steps, Uses

The Fluorescence Light Path

A game changer for the microscopic world is epi-fluorescence microscopy. Imagine being able to see cells as vibrant, dynamic creatures showing off their inner workings instead of just as static objects. This method, based on the principle of fluorescence, has opened up the hidden details of life at the cellular level and made the invisible … Read more

Flame Photometer – Principle, Parts, Procedure, Applications

Flame Photometer - Principle, Parts, Procedure, Applications

What is Flame Photometer? Principle of Flame photometer The flame photometer is based on the principle that alkali and alkaline earth metal atoms are excited in the flame and that the light emitted when the excited atoms revert to the ground state can be measured. When you introduce a sample containing metal compounds into a … Read more

Difference between Telomere and Telomerase

Difference between Telomere and Telomerase

What is a Telomere? Telomeres are crucial components found at the ends of chromosomes. They are made up of repetitive nucleotide sequences that protect the genetic material from damage. Each time a cell divides, the telomeres shorten, playing a key role in cellular aging and health. Here’s a breakdown of what telomeres are, how they … Read more

Telomerase – Structure, Mechanism, Regulation, Functions

Telomeres and Telomerase

What is Telomerase? Telomerase (terminal transferase) is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that extends telomeres, the repetitive nucleotide sequences at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres function as protective caps, stopping chromosome ends from being erroneously perceived as DNA damage or from bonding with neighboring chromosomes. Most eukaryotes use telomerase to maintain their telomeres, but some organisms, … Read more

Telomeres – Structure, Aging, Shortening, Functions

Telomeres and Telomerase

What Are Telomeres (telomere)? At the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes are specialized structures called telomeres. DNA degradation is prevented by repetitive nucleotide sequences of the telomere, which caps and so stabilizes chromosomal DNA during cell division. The termini of chromosomes not only have no translation product but instead have a highly important role in … Read more

Various model of Replication – Theta, rolling circle, and linear DNA replication

Various model of Replication - Theta, rolling circle, and linear DNA replication

Plasmids are small circular molecules of DNA that exist independently of chromosomal DNA within a cell. Because they replicate independently, these molecules are called replicons. The plasmids have an origin of replication known as the ori site from which replication begins. Plasmids encode a few of their own proteins, but when it comes to replication … Read more

Gluconeogenesis – Definition, Steps, Reactions, Substrates, Importance

Gluconeogenesis - Definition, Steps, Reactions, Substrates, Importance

What is Gluconeogenesis? Gluconeogenesis Definition Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process that synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as lactate, glycerol, and amino acids, primarily in the liver and kidneys, to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting or low carbohydrate intake. Location of Gluconeogenesis – Where does Gluconeogenesis Occur? Gluconeogenesis primarily occurs in the liver, which … Read more

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