Sourav Pan
9 min read 
What is Fusarium Wilt? Fusarium wilt is a plant disease that’s been giving gardeners and farmers headaches for ages. It’s caused by a sneaky soil-dwelling fungus called Fusarium oxysporum, which basically invades a plant’s roots and starts clogging up its internal plumbing. Imagine the plant’s vascular system—the tiny tubes that move water and nutrients—getting blocked by … Read more
10 min read 
Pollen-pistil interaction is a critical phase in plant reproduction, acting as a sophisticated biological dialogue between male pollen grains and the female reproductive structure, the pistil. When pollen lands on the stigma—the sticky tip of the pistil—it doesn’t immediately guarantee fertilization. Instead, the pistil initiates a series of biochemical checks to assess compatibility. These interactions … Read more
19 min read 
A PCR machine is a common tool found in labs, especially if you’ve ever dealt with DNA testing or medical diagnostics. At its core, it’s designed to create millions of copies of a specific DNA segment, which sounds simple but is incredibly powerful for tasks like identifying infections, studying genetic mutations, or even solving crimes. … Read more
8 min read 
What is Electroporation? Electroporation is a fascinating technique that temporarily makes cell membranes more permeable by applying brief electric pulses. This method, widely used in labs and medical settings, allows substances like DNA, drugs, or proteins to enter cells by creating tiny pores in the membrane. Imagine zapping cells with a controlled jolt of electricity—this … Read more
20 min read 
What is Electroporator (Electroporation machine)? An electroporator, often called an electroporation machine, is a lab instrument used to temporarily make cell membranes more permeable. Think of it as a precision tool that helps scientists sneak substances like DNA, drugs, or proteins into cells—something that’s tricky to do manually because cell membranes are naturally protective. The … Read more
30 min read 
What is a micropipette? A micropipette is a precision laboratory instrument designed to measure and transfer extremely small volumes of liquid, typically ranging from 0.1 microliters to 1,000 microliters. Commonly used in molecular biology, chemistry, and medical labs, it operates like a highly accurate eyedropper, enabling researchers to handle samples with meticulous control. The device … Read more
14 min read 
What is Chromatography? Chromatography is a powerful laboratory method used to separate, identify, and analyze the components of complex mixtures. Think of it as a molecular race where different substances travel at varying speeds based on their interactions with two key elements: a stationary phase (a solid or liquid-coated surface) and a mobile phase (a … Read more
22 min read 
What is a Spectrophotometer? Definition of Spectrophotometer A spectrophotometer is a laboratory instrument that measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample and is used to determine properties such as concentration or absorption patterns of substances. Principle of Spectrophotometer Types of Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometers are analytical devices for measuring, at designated wavelengths, the intensity of … Read more
11 min read 
What is Single Use Bioreactor? Working Principle of Single Use Bioreactor Parts of Single Use Bioreactor Comprising numerous essential components meant to enable effective and sterile biological operations, a single-use bioreactor (SUB) Types of Single Use Bioreactor Offering disposable, pre-sterilized systems that cut turn-around times and eliminate the need for cleaning, single-use bioreactors (SUBs) have … Read more
6 min read 
What is Tissue Homogenizer? Parts of a Tissue Homogenizer The specific parts of a tissue homogenizer can vary depending on the type of homogenizer being used, but here are some common parts that are found in most homogenizers: Operating Procedure of Tissue Homogenizer Types of Tissue Homogenizer Essential laboratory tools for disrupting biological samples and … Read more