5 min read 
In 1930, Leifson introduced a simple flagella stain, using this stain he observed that mutations leading to nonflagellated from flagellated bacteria were common, as well as mutation leading to loss of motility without loss of the flagellum itself.
2 min read 
Production of parasporal crystals is a unique ability (among Bacillus species) of Bacillus thuringiensis. This stain is a means of rapid identification of the species.
10 min read 
Sudan Black is a slightly basic dye and will combine with acidic groups in compound lipids, thus staining phospholipids also. An alternative stain to the Sudan Black B stain.
9 min read 
lactophenol cotton blue definition Lactophenol Blue Solution or Lactophenol cotton blue is a wet mounting medium and staining agent which is used for the preparation of microscopic slides of fungi for examination. Fungal elements are stained intensely blue. You might be thinking, why should we learn this technique or what is the purpose of this … Read more
10 min read 
Ziehl Neelsen stinging method is used to differentiate between the acid-fast and non-acid fast bacteria.
4 min read 
A bacterial smear is a thin layer of bacterial cell/culture which is placed on a clean, grease-free microscopic slide to observe a clear image under a microscope.
4 min read 
Kinyoun method also known as Kinyoun stain (cold method), was first developed by Joseph J. Kinyoun.
18 min read 
Single Radial Immunodiffusion also referred to as Mancini technique is a quantitative immunodiffusion technique that is used to measure the antigen’s concentration by measuring the size of the precipitin-based ring created by the interaction between the antigen with the antibody at the optimal concentration. The antibody is embedded in the agarose gel, while the antigen is diffused into it in the form of a radiatal pattern.
25 min read 
What is the latex agglutination test? Types of Latex Agglutination The latex agglutination test can be categorized into two main types based on the processes of detection: Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) for Antibody Detection and Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) for Antigen Detection. These two types of latex agglutination tests provide valuable diagnostic information in different … Read more
18 min read 
What is Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) Test? Principle of Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) Test The principle of the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test is based on the detection of antibodies produced in response to antigens released by damaged host cells during a syphilis infection. The RPR test is a macroscopic, non-treponemal flocculation card test that … Read more