What is Spot Indole Test? Definition of Spot Indole Test The Spot Indole Test is a rapid biochemical method used to detect the production of indole by bacteria, indicating their ability to metabolize the amino acid tryptophan. This test aids in differentiating specific bacterial species based on their tryptophan degradation capabilities. Objectives of Spot Indole Test … Read more
What is Indole test? Indole Test Definition The indole test is a biochemical assay used to determine a bacterium’s ability to metabolize tryptophan into indole through the action of the enzyme tryptophanase, aiding in the differentiation and identification of certain bacterial species. Purpose of Indol Test (Objectives of Indole Test) The indole test serves a … Read more
Purpose of Hippurate Hydrolysis Test Principle of Hippurate Hydrolysis Test Hippurate → Glycine + Benzoic acid Glycine + Ninhydrin → purple-colored complex Composition of Hippurate Hydrolysis Broth Ingredients Gms / Litre HI powder# 10.000 Peptone 10.000 Sodium chloride 5.000 Sodium hippurate 10.000 Final pH ( at 25°C) 7.4±0.2 Equivalent to Heart infusion powder Preparation of … Read more
Location of Fructolysis Why does fructose metabolism or fructolysis occur in liver cells? Properties and Sources of Fructose Absorption of Fructose From Fructose to Fat/Fructolysis/fructose metabolism pathway Steps of fructose metabolism pathway 1. Step 1 2. Step 2 3. Step 3A Metabolic Pathway Notes: At this point, the liver cell can use the same steps … Read more
What is Presence/Absence Test? Principle of Presence/Absence Test Objective of Presence/Absence Test PA Broth Preparation Composition Ingredients Gms / Litre Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.000 Tryptose 9.830 Beef extract 3.000 Lactose 7.460 Sodium chloride 2.460 Dipotassium phosphate 1.350 Monopotassium phosphate 1.350 Sodium lauryl sulphate 0.050 Bromo cresol purple 0.0085 Final pH ( at 25°C) … Read more
Objectives of BOD Test Principle of BOD Test Under alkaline circumstances (by adding Alkaline-iodide-azide), manganese sulphate precipitates manganese hydroxide as a white precipitate. This combines with the sample’s dissolved oxygen to generate a brown precipitation. On an acidic environment, manganese changes to its divalent form and releases iodine. This released iodine is titrated using starch … Read more
After wastewater treatment, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) is used to determine the amount of contamination in the water. The higher value of chemical oxygen demand implies that the water sample has a greater amount of organic pollutants. The COD test measures only substances that can be chemically digested. The determination of COD requires less … Read more
What is a Glucose Tolerance Test? A glucose tolerance test is a test that is used to diagnose diabetes or prediabetes. It involves measuring the body’s ability to process glucose, a type of sugar that is the main source of energy for the body. During the test, a person will drink a solution containing a … Read more
Human pathogenic bacteria transmitted via the fecal-oral route, i.e., primarily intestinal pathogens, constitute one component of drinkable water quality analysis. Screening water for faecal contamination by testing for the presence of an indicator microbe is more practicable than doing thorough routine examinations for the presence of every type of disease. If you want to know … Read more
The bulk of plasma proteins are composed of big particles, making it difficult for them to pass through the glomeruli of the kidney. However, kidney tubules filter out and reabsorb smaller protein particles back into the blood. There are traces of proteins such as Tamm-Horsfall protein, hormones, mucopolysaccharides, albumin, enzymes, and immunoglobulins in normal urine. … Read more
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