Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium that belongs to the B. cereus group. It is the organism that produces the proteinaceous parasporal crystals during sporulation, and these crystals are called delta-endotoxins. These are known as Cry and Cyt toxins, and it is the major insecticidal component. It is widely distributed in soil, … Read more
Production of parasporal crystals is a unique ability (among Bacillus species) of Bacillus thuringiensis. This stain is a means of rapid identification of the species.
Flagella can not be seen under a bright-field microscope by using ordinary stains. A simple and useful method has been used for visualization of flagella is known as wet mount technique.
In 1930, Leifson introduced a simple flagella stain, using this stain he observed that mutations leading to nonflagellated from flagellated bacteria were common, as well as mutation leading to loss of motility without loss of the flagellum itself.
A blood smear is a simple diagnostic preparation where a drop of peripheral blood is spread on a clean slide, and it is dried for staining. It is the process used for observing blood cells and also for detecting parasites after staining methods like Giemsa. It is an important technique because it helps in demonstrating … Read more
Hanging drop technique allows for the analysis of living microorganisms. This involves fixing the Microbial suspension into a drop of liquid over the slide of glass.
A bacterial smear is a thin layer of bacterial cell/culture which is placed on a clean, grease-free microscopic slide to observe a clear image under a microscope.
Methylene Blue Reduction Test (MBRT) is the test used for checking the microbiological quality of milk. It is the process where a redox dye called methylene blue is added to milk, and the time taken for disappearance of the blue colour is recorded. It is based on the activity of microorganisms present in the milk. … Read more
Native PAGE is the method where proteins are separated in their original folded condition without any use of denaturing reagents. It is the process in which the movement of proteins in a polyacrylamide gel is controlled by the natural charge, size and the native conformation of the molecules. The proteins migrate through the gel matrix … Read more
A bioreactor is the vessel in which biological reactions is carried out in controlled conditions. It is the process where microorganisms, plant cells or animal cells are allowed to grow and produce useful products. It is designed as a closed container in which temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrient level is maintained with the … Read more
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