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Botany Notes Topic Wise

Botany Notes Topic Wise

Botany Notes Topic Wise

Explore our comprehensive Botany notes organized by topic for an in-depth understanding of plant biology. Each section delves into crucial aspects such as plant anatomy, physiology, reproduction, and ecology. Our topic-wise notes are designed to enhance your grasp of plant science with clear explanations and detailed coverage of various plant species and their functions. Ideal for students and plant enthusiasts, these notes offer a structured approach to mastering the fundamentals of botany.

1

Angiosperms Notes - 32

Agrobacterium-Mediated Gene Transfer in Plants
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Plant Transformation via Pollen Tube-Mediated Gene Transfer
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Secretory System In Plants - External secretory and Internal secretory Tissues
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Adaptive Features In Plant - Xerophytes, Hydrophytes
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Periderm - Structure, Development and Function
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Dendrochronology - Definition, History, Methods, Applications
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Sapwood and Heartwood - Definition, Structure, Functions
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Xylem Parenchyma - Definition, Structure, Types, Functions
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Parenchyma Tissue - Characteristics, Structure, Types, Functions
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Wood - Axial and Ray parenchyma, Annual ring, Ring porous, Tylosis, Sapwood and Heartwood, Reaction wood
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Root Endodermis and Exodermis - Structure, Function, and Responses to the Environment
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Root Cap - Definition, Structure, Development, Functions
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Organization of Root Apex - Apical cell theory, Histogen theory, Korper-Kappe theory
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Monocot and Dicot Roots - Structure, Characteristics, Functions, Examples
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Monocot and Dicot Seed - Characteristics, Structure, Functions, Examples
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Monocot and Dicot Flower - Characteristics, Structure, Functions, Examples
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Kranz Anatomy - Definition, Characteristics, Advantages
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Monocot and Dicot Leaves - Definition, Structure, Functions, and Examples
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Dicot and Monocot stem - Characteristics, Structure, Functions, Examples
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Vascular Bundles - Definition, Structure, Types, Functions
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Organisation of Shoot Apex and Different Theories
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Ergastic Substances of Plant Cells
Published on October 9, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Cell Wall ingrowths - Adcrustation and incrustation
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Plasmodesmata - Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram
Published on October 8, 2024 by BNO Team
Pits - Simple and Bordered Pits in plants
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Root Culture - Principle, Protocol, Importance and Applications
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Ovule Culture - Principle, Protocol, Importance and Applications
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Flower Culture - Principle, Protocol and Importance
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Cytodifferentiation - Definition, Primary Steps, Protocol
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Tissues - Definition, Types, Structure, Examples
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Angiosperms - Morphology, Classification, Life cycle, Economic and Ecological Importance
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Introduction and scope of Plant Anatomy
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

2

Archegoniate Notes - 11

Gnetum – Characteristics, Classification, Morphology, Anatomy And Reproduction
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Gymnosperms - Characteristics, Life Cycle, Examples, Importance
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pinus - Characteristics, Classification, Morphology, Anatomy And Reproduction
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Cycas - Morphology, Anatomy and Reproduction
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pteris - Morphology and Reproduction
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Equisetum – Classification, Structure, Reproduction and Life Cycle
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Selaginella - Morphology, Anatomy and Reproduction
Published on October 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Psilotum - Structure, Morphology, Anatomy, Reproduction, Life Cycle
Published on October 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pteridophyta - Characteristics, Classification, Origin, Ecological and economic importance
Published on October 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Bryophytes - definition, classification, life cycle, characteristics, importance
Published on October 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Archegoniate - Unifying features of archegoniates, Transition to land habit, Alternation of generations
Published on July 31, 2024 by Sourav Pan

3

Biodiversity Notes - 1

Pteridophyta - Characteristics, Life Cycle, Classification, Examples, Importance
Published on July 31, 2024 by Sourav Pan

4

Economic Botany Notes - 15

Cereals Plants - Wheat and Rice (origin, morphology, processing & uses), brief account of millets.
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
General Description of Legumes Plants and Their Uses
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
General Description of Timber Yielding Plants
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Tobacco Plant - Morphology, Processing, Uses and Health Hazards
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Drug-Yielding plants - Cinchona, Digitalis, Papaver and Cannabis
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Plant Yielding Sugars, Starches, and Cellulose Product
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Rubber Yielding Plants
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
General description of Fibre Yielding Plants
Published on September 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
General description of Vegetable Oils and Fats
Published on September 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan

General descriptions of Beverage Plants and Beverages With Examples, and Importance
Published on September 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Tea - Morphology, Types, Processing, Uses
Published on September 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
General descriptions of Spices With Definition, Examples, Importance
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan

General descriptions of Legumes Plants With Examples, Importance
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Wheat - Morphology, Types, Grades, Harvesting, Products
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Vavilov's Centres of Origin of cultivated crop plants
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan

5

Ethnobotany Notes - 4

Ethnobotany and Legal Aspects
Published on September 15, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Role of Ethnobotany In Modern Medicine
Published on September 15, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Methods of Research In Ethnobotany
Published on September 15, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Ethnobotany - Introduction, Concept, Scope and Objectives
Published on September 15, 2024 by Sourav Pan

6

Horticultural Notes - 10

Plant Diseases - Diagnose, Control and Treatment
Published on October 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Integrated Plant Disease Management (IDM) - Definition, Components, Procedure, Programs
Published on October 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Disease Control and Management In Plants
Published on October 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Post-Harvest Diseases - Definition, Classification, Types and Control
Published on October 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Post-Harvest Technology - Principle, Objective, Stages, Factors
Published on October 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Floriculture - Definition, Importance, Scope
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Landscaping and Garden Design
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Fruit and Vegetable Crops - Production, origin and distribution, Management, Identification
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Ornamental Plants - Definition, Characteristics, Types, Examples
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Horticultural - Scope, Branches, Importance, Classification
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

7

Natural Resource Management Notes - 3

Land - Utilization, Soil degradation and management.
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Sustainable utilization of Natural Resources - Concept, Approaches
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Natural Resources - Meaning, Types and Characteristics
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

8

Plant Anatomy and Embryology Notes - 19

Plant Tissues - Definition Types, Functions
Published on November 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Root Hair Cells - Structure, Formation, Functions
Published on November 4, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Stomata - Definition, Structure, Mechanism, Functions
Published on November 1, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Embryo Development of Dicot and monocot embryo
Published on September 4, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Polyembryony - Definition, Types, Functions, Examples
Published on September 3, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Endosperm - Types, Development, Functions, Examples
Published on September 2, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Seed Dispersal - Methods, Agents, Significance, Examples
Published on September 2, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Seed - Structure, Types, Development, Germination, Dispersal
Published on September 2, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pollination - Definition, Types, Process, Agents, Adaptation
Published on September 1, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Embryo Sac - Structure, Types, Development, Function
Published on September 1, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Ovule - Definition, Structure, Types, Diagram, Functions
Published on August 31, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pollen Grain - Structure, Types, Development and Evolution
Published on August 27, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Bilobed Anther – Structure, Function, Diagram
Published on August 27, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Anther of a Flower – Types, Structure, and Functions
Published on August 27, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Structure of Flower - Parts of a Flower With Diagram and Their Functions
Published on August 26, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Epidermal Tissue System - Epidermis, Stomata, Cuticle
Published on August 26, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Vascular Cambium - Structure and Function, Seasonal activity
Published on August 24, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Permanent Tissue - Definition, Types, Characteristics, Functions, Examples
Published on August 22, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Meristematic Tissue – Definition, Types, Characteristics
Published on August 22, 2024 by Sourav Pan

9

Plant Breeding Notes - 16

Quantitative Inheritance in Plant Breeding
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Polyploidy in Plant Breeding
Published on September 14, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Distant Hybridization - Definition, Objectives, Barriers, Techniques, Limitations
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Mutation Breeding - Mutations in Crop Improvement
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Backcross Method – Procedure, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Bulk Method – Procedure, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Pedigree Method – Procedure, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Pureline Selection - Procedure, Applications, Advantages, Disadvantages
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Mass Selection Method - Procedure, Applications, Merits, Demerits
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Hybridization For Self, Cross and Vegetative Propagation in plants – Procedure, advantages, and limitations.
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Breeding Methods for Cross-pollinated species
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Selection Methods For Self pollinated Plants - Breeding self-pollinated species
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Modes of Reproduction and Pollination in Crop Plants
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Plant Introduction - History, Purpose, Procedure, Merits, Demerits
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Plant Breeding - Introduction, History, Objective, Methods
Published on September 13, 2024 by Sourav Pan

10

Plant Ecology and Taxonomy Notes - 15

Biotic interaction - Definition, Types, Examples
Published on October 10, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Apomixis - Definition, Types, Functions, Examples
Published on September 3, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Shelfords Law of Tolerance - Principles, Limiting Factors, Importance
Published on August 22, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Anatomical Adaptations of Xerophytes
Published on August 22, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Ecological Adaptations in Hydrophytes
Published on August 22, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Biometrics, Numerical taxonomy and Cladistics
Published on August 20, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Systems of Classification - Artificial, Natural and Phylogenetic
Published on August 20, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Botanical Nomenclature - Principles, Rules, Ranks, Typification, author citation, rejection
Published on August 19, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Taxonomic Hierarchy - Ranks, Categories and Taxonomic groups
Published on August 19, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Taxonomic Evidences from Palynology, Cytology, Phytochemistry and Molecular Data
Published on August 18, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Herbarium - Definition, Technique, Importance, Examples
Published on August 8, 2024 by Sourav Pan

What is Plant Taxonomy? - Identification, Classification and Nomenclature
Published on August 7, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Endemism - Definition, Characters, Theories, Types, Factors, Examples
Published on August 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan
What is Phytogeography? - Principle, Branches, Importance
Published on August 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Plant communities - Characters, Ecotone and edge effect, Succession, Processes and types
Published on August 2, 2024 by Sourav Pan

11

Plant Physiology and Metabolism Notes - 19

Transpiration - Types, Mechanism, Factors, Significance
Published on November 4, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Abiotic Stress (Stress Biology) - Definition, Environmental factors, sensing mechanisms,
Published on October 12, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Movements in Plants - Definition, Classification, Mechanism, Examples
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Signal Transduction in Plants
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Carbohydrate metabolism In Plant- Synthesis and catabolism of sucrose and starch
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Plant Metabolism - Introduction, anabolic and catabolic pathways, regulation of metabolism, role of regulatory enzymes
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Nutrient Transport Mechanism in Plants
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Water Transport Mechanism In Plants
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Plant - Water Relations
Published on October 11, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Absorption of Water In Plants - Path, Mechanism, Factors, Importance
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Plant Growth Regulators - Types, Characteristics, Functions, Examples
Published on September 6, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Photomorphogenesis - Definition, Types, Mechanism, Importance
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Vernalization - Definition, Types, Mechanism, Examples
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Photoperiodism - Definition, Types, Importance
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Phytochrome - Types, Structure, Functions
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Translocation in Phloem - Structure, Phloem loading and unloading
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan
Transport of Ions across cell membrane - Active and passive transport, carriers, channels and pumps
Published on September 5, 2024 by Sourav Pan

Mineral Nutrition in Plants - Types, Absorption, Functions
Published on September 4, 2024 by Sourav Pan
What is Plant Water Relation?
Published on September 4, 2024 by Sourav Pan

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