Plant Tissue Culture – Definition, techniques, Media composition, types, application.

Plant tissue culture

What is Plant Tissue Culture? Plant tissue culture Definition Plant tissue culture is a biotechnology technique that involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled, sterile environment on a nutrient medium. This method exploits the totipotency of plant cells, allowing for the rapid propagation of plants, production of disease-free specimens, and conservation of … Read more

Freeze Fracture Technique – Principle, Protocol, Applications

Freeze Fracture Technique - Principle, Protocol, Applications

What is Freeze Fracture Technique? Principle of Freeze Fracture Technique The principle of the freeze-fracture technique is based on the physical separation of biological membranes at their hydrophobic core when the sample is frozen and then fractured. Here are the key aspects of this principle: Overall, the freeze-fracture technique provides valuable insights into the functional … Read more

100 Laboratory Equipment Names and Uses

100 Laboratory equipment names and uses

What is Laboratory equipment? Laboratory equipment refers to the various tools, instruments, and devices used in a laboratory setting to conduct experiments, analyze samples, and perform scientific research. The equipment aids in the accurate measurement, observation, and manipulation of materials and biological specimens. Here’s a broad overview of what laboratory equipment includes: List of 100 … Read more

Autoclave Validation Methods – Objective, Procedure, Result

Autoclave Validation Methods - Objective, Procedure, Result

Why we need to Validate an Autoclave? Validating an autoclave is crucial for ensuring the sterilization process is effective and reliable. Here’s why validation is necessary: Methods for Autoclave Validation Autoclave validation is a critical process in ensuring that sterilization procedures are effective and reliable. This is particularly important in the pharmaceutical industry, where sterility … Read more

Simple Microscope – Definition, Principle, Parts, Uses

Simple Microscope: Working Principle, Uses, Parts, and their Functions.

What is Simple Microscope? Definition of Simple Microscope A simple microscope is an optical device consisting of a single convex lens that magnifies objects by enlarging their image through light refraction. Principle of Simple Microscope Working Mechanism of Simple Microscope This ray diagram in below, explains how simple microscopes is working; Magnification of a simple … Read more

PH Meter – Principle, Parts, Types, Procedure, Calibration, Application, Examples

PH Meter - Principle, Parts, Types, Procedure, Calibration, Application, Examples

What is pH Meter? A pH meter is a critical instrument used for measuring the acidity or alkalinity of aqueous solutions, quantified in terms of pH. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where a value of 7 denotes neutrality, values below 7 indicate acidity, and values above 7 denote alkalinity. This scale reflects … Read more

HPLC – Principle, Instrumentation, Types, Uses, Diagram

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

What is HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography)? Principle of HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography) Instrumentation of HPLC High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a sophisticated analytical technique that relies on a precise set of instruments to achieve effective separation, detection, and analysis of chemical compounds. The key components of an HPLC system include the mobile phase reservoir, solvent … Read more

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