Study of Penicillium using Temporary Mount
5 min read 
Penicillium can be found in a freezer that has not been cleaned for a duration of 2 months or longer.
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5 min read
Study of Rhizopus by using Temporary Mount.
3 min read 
Rhizopus is a multicellular, saprophytic fungi and found on plants. They are parasitic on animals.
Study of Chlamydomonas and Volvox by using Whole mount
3 min read 
Chlamydomonas are single-celled green flagellates while Volvox is a part of colonial phytoflagellate that develops a hollow spheroid with several thousand cells enclosed in its mucilaginous wall.
Elek test – Principle, Procedure, Result
3 min read 
can be described as an test of immunoprecipitation (immunodiffusion) test that determines what specific strain of Corynebacterium Diphtheriae is toxic.
Temporary Wet Mount (TWM) technique for observation of Living Organisms.
4 min read 
In Mounting technique, the specimen to be observed is held on a microscopic slide by using a coverslip.
Isolation of Microorganism From Air
4 min read 
The microbial content of the outer atmosphere is changing with the season, it contains various pollen, algae, mosses, grains, spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and viruses.
Pipetting – Technique, Definition, Types
53 min read 
Pipetting Definition Pipetting is the process of using a pipettor to measure and dispense small volumes of liquid. It is a fundamental technique used in many laboratory procedures, including preparing solutions, dispensing samples for analysis, and performing various types of assays. When pipetting, the user first sets the desired volume on the pipettor by adjusting … Read more
What is Ergonomic Pipetting?
18 min read 
What is Ergonomic Pipetting? Ergonomic pipetting is the design and use of laboratory pipettes in a way that reduces the risk of injury or strain to the hands and wrists of the user. Pipetting is a repetitive task that, if not done properly, can lead to discomfort and even injury over time. Ergonomic pipetting involves … Read more
Positive Displacement Pipette – Principle, Procedure, Applications, Advantages
12 min read 
Positive displacement pipettes are characterised by piston-driven displacement. The piston in a positive displacement pipette makes direct contact with the sample, which allows the aspiration force to remain constant. Air displacement pipettes accurately dispense the majority of liquids. However, the precision may be affected negatively by the solution’s viscosity, volatility, surface tension, and temperature. For … Read more
Air Displacement Pipetting – Principle, Procedure, Applications
13 min read 
An air displacement pipette (also known as a “volumetric pipette” or “mechanical pipette”) is a type of liquid handling tool commonly used in laboratory settings. It uses air displacement to draw a specific volume of liquid into the pipette’s barrel. The volume of liquid is determined by the calibrated volume markings on the barrel of … Read more