The oil immersion method enhances the resolving power of a microscope, enabling light microscopy to distinguish finer details. Immersion oil—clear and colorless, having a refractive index of about 1.515—is placed in between the lens and the specimen. The refractive index is higher; therefore, less light is refracted. If less light is refracted, then less is … Read more
What is transmission electron microscope? A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a high-resolution imaging tool that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to see very small details in thin samples. It can make structures up to several million times bigger, which lets scientists see things like viruses, cell organelles, or even macromolecular complexes. … Read more
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) produces high-resolution images from an electron beam that scans a focused beam over the surface of a specimen. The benefit of using electrons as opposed to an optical light microscope is that, due to electronegativity, the resultant interactions with the orbitals surrounding the atom create signals that indicate surface morphology … Read more
What is phase contrast microscopy? Okay, so picture this: back in the 1930s, scientists were struggling to study things like living cells or bacteria under a microscope. Why? Because those tiny critters are practically see-through! You couldn’t get a clear look without dunking them in harsh dyes—which, you know, kinda killed them. Not exactly helpful if you … Read more
Confocal microscopy offers some pretty cool perks compared to regular optical microscopes. For starters, it gives you a razor-thin focus depth, cuts out that annoying blurry background glow, and lets you snap crisp, detailed “slices” of thick samples—one after another. This makes it a go-to tool in biomedicine, especially for studying cells and tissues, whether … Read more
What is a Dissecting microscope or a Stereo microscope? A dissecting microscope—also known as a stereo microscope—is an optical microscope study apparatus that enables the observation of an object at low to moderate magnification (typically 5x to 250x) through reflective light versus transmitted light. Thus, it’s a microscope made for viewing little details that could … Read more
Designed to enlarge things too tiny for the human eye to see, a microscope is a tool. It provides a portal to the hidden world of minute structures, allowing medical practitioners, teachers, and researchers to examine materials, cells, and creatures in until unheard-of clarity. Microscopes range significantly in kind, from simple to very sophisticated models. … Read more
Culture medium refers to the nutrient-rich substance that is used in labs to culture microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These materials, whether liquid or solid, provide the microbes with needed nutrients, minerals and other factors for growth and reproduction according to step-by-step reports from authoritative sources around the world. The late 19th century was … Read more
Culture Media Examples Components/Comments Primary Purpose Bile esculin agar (BEA) Nutrient agar base with ferric citrate. Hydrolysis of esculin by group D streptococci imparts a brown color to medium; sodium deoxycholate inhibits many bacteria. Differential isolation and presumptive identification of group D streptococci and enterococci Bile esculin azide agar with vancomycin Contains azide to inhibit … Read more
When it comes to culturing bacteria, it is crucial to create the same environmental and nutritional conditions as those found in the natural environment. The majority of culture mediums contain water, which is a major source of carbon and energy and nitrogen. It also contains trace elements, as well as some growth factors. In addition, the pH as well as oxygen tension and Osmolarity must also be considered. Some of the components of media for culture include: Although tap water is appropriate for the use of culture media, it shouldn’t be used in the event that it contains a significant amounts of minerals. In these instances the use of demineralised or distillated water is recommended.
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