Biochemical tests are laboratory procedures that use specific chemical reactions to identify and characterize microorganisms, such as bacteria. These tests are often used to identify the presence of specific enzymes or metabolic pathways in a microorganism, which can help to distinguish it from other microorganisms.
Some common biochemical tests used in bacteriology include:
Oxidase test: This test is used to detect the presence of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, which is involved in the metabolism of oxygen.
Catalase test: This test is used to detect the presence of the enzyme catalase, which helps to break down hydrogen peroxide.
Indole test: This test is used to detect the presence of the enzyme tryptophanase, which breaks down the amino acid tryptophan.
Nitrate reduction test: This test is used to detect the ability of a microorganism to reduce nitrate to nitrite.
Gelatinase test: This test is used to detect the ability of a microorganism to produce the enzyme gelatinase, which breaks down gelatin.
These are just a few examples of the many different biochemical tests that are used in bacteriology. Biochemical tests can be useful for identifying and classifying bacteria, and for understanding their metabolism and ecological role.
5 min read 
Unsaturated fish oils are especially vulnerable to oxidation, resulting in peroxides when stored in cold or freezing conditions for storage. Peroxides are precursors to breakdown products that can cause rancid taste in fat. Peroxide levels are an indicator of oxidation in the initial stages of lipid degradation. The index is less reliable in the latter … Read more
3 min read 
Picric acid test is used for reducing sugars, and is a highly sensitive chemical tests. Picric acid reactions (toxic yellow crystal solid) which is also referred to chemically as 2,4 6-trinitrophenol (TNP) reacts with sugars that are reduced to create Picramic Acid that is red-colored. The Picric Acid test is made up of a sugar … Read more
4 min read 
Nelson-Somogyi method can be used to quantify the reduction of sugar using arsenolmolibdat and copper reagents. The principle behind the Nelson Somogyi method is the quantity of deposro oxide deposits which react with arsenomolibdate, which reduces to molybdine blue. The blue hue is determined by as absorbance. The keto and aldehyde free groups are regularly … Read more
3 min read 
The rapid furfural test is a type of chemical test which is used to determine the difference between fructose and glucose. The test for rapid furfural is like Molisch’s test however it utilizes concentrated hydrochloric acid instead of concentrated sulfuric acid, and the solution is then boiled. A dilute solution of sugar is added in … Read more
6 min read 
This is a test that is common for all carbohydrate larger than the tetroses. The test works on the basis that pentoses as well as hexoses can be dehydrated using conc. sulfuric acid, resulting in furfural or hydroxyl-methyl furfural or hydroxyl methyl furfural. These compounds condense with a-naphthol to create a purple condensation product. Molisch’s … Read more
3 min read 
Mucic acid test tests for lactose and galactose. The sugar is transformed into carboxylic acid using hot nitric acid. In order to produce dicarboxylic acids, aldoses are oxidized on each end of the open ring form. Chain fragmentation triggers ketoses to oxidize and produce a range of dicarboxylic acid. Galactraric acid (mucic acid) created by … Read more
3 min read 
Seliwanoff’s test is a type of chemical test that used to differentiate between ketose and aldose sugars. If the sugar has a ketone group, then it’s ketose. If a sugar has an aldehyde molecule, it is an aldose. This test is based on the idea that in the presence of heat, ketoses become more quickly … Read more
4 min read 
What is Bial’s test? Bial’s Test is a type of chemical test which is used to determine the existence of pentoses. It was named in honor of Manfred Bial, a German doctor. The ingredients are orcinol, hydrochloric acid and ferric chloride. If Pentose is present it will dehydrated to form furfural that is then reacted … Read more
4 min read 
The nitrocefin biochemical test is a sensitive technique for detecting beta-lactamase-producing strains of N. gonorrhoeae, H. influenzae, Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Nitrocefin is the only reliable test for detecting beta-lactamase-producing Enterococcus spp.
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illon’s test can be described as an analytical test for the identification that the amino acid tyrosine which is the sole amino acid with the phenolic group.