The ovary is a part of the female reproductive system. It is a small, almond-shaped organ located on either side of the uterus. The main functions of the ovaries are:

1. Egg Production: The ovaries store and release eggs (ova) that are necessary for fertilization. Each month, during the menstrual cycle, an egg matures inside a follicle in the ovary and is released during ovulation.
2. Hormone Production: The ovaries produce important hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, which regulate the menstrual cycle, support pregnancy, and influence secondary sexual characteristics like breast development and body shape.

Women typically have two ovaries, and the release of eggs from the ovaries alternates each month. If fertilization occurs, the egg can develop into an embryo; if not, the egg is shed during menstruation.