Simmons Citrate Agar – Principle, Composition, Procedure, Result, uses

Simmons citrate agar test

Simmons Citrate Agar is a specialized solid microbiological culture medium which is used mainly to differentiate Gram-negative bacteria especially the members of Enterobacteriaceae family. It is used to test the ability of an organism to survive by using citrate as the sole carbon and energy source and ammonium salts as the sole nitrogen source. It … Read more

CAMP Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Uses

Christie, Atkins, and Munch-Peterson (CAMP) test

CAMP Test was first discovered by four researchers Christie, Atkins, Munch, and Peterson in 1944, that’s why this test is also known as Christie–Atkins–Munch-Peterson test.

Reverse CAMP test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Uses

Reverse CAMP test

In this method, the Group B Streptococcus (CAMP test positive) is streaked in the center of sheep blood agar, and Clostridium perfringens is streaked perpendicular to it.

Tollens’ Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Application

Tollens’ Test Definition, Principle, Procedure, Result, Application.

It is a type of biochemical test which is used to distinguish reducing sugars from non-reducing sugars. This biochemical test is also known as the silver mirror test based on the end product of this test. This test was also used to differentiate between aldehydes and ketones through routine qualitative organic analysis.

Oxidase Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Application

Oxidase Test Definition, Principle, Procedure, Result, Application

The oxidase test is a biochemical reaction that assays for the presence of cytochrome oxidase, an enzyme sometimes called indophenol oxidase. In the presence of an organism that contains the cytochrome oxidase enzyme, the reduced colorless reagent becomes an oxidized colored product .

Gerhardt’s test – Principle, Procedure, Result

Gerhardt's test

Gerhardt’s test is a type of laboratory test which is performed for the qualitative detection of ketone bodies in urine.

Litmus Milk Test – Principle, Procedure, Result

Litmus Milk Test Principle, Procedure, Result

What is the Litmus Milk Test? Litmus milk test is a differential biochemical procedure used in microbiology to evaluate metabolic capability of different bacteria. It is done by using a liquid medium containing skim milk and litmus. Skim milk provides lactose(milk sugar) and casein(milk protein) and litmus dye acts as pH indicator and oxidation–reduction indicator. … Read more

Methyl Red (MR) Test – Principle, Procedure, Results, Uses

Methyl Red and Voges Proskauer Test

What is Methyl Red (MR) Test? The Methyl Red (MR) test is a biochemical test used in microbiology to identify and differentiate bacteria mainly among Enterobacteriaceae family. It is done to check the glucose fermentation pathway. It is used for detecting mixed-acid fermentation which produces stable acidic end products. In this test the organism is … Read more

Cetrimide Agar Test – Principle, Purpose, Procedure, Results

Cetrimide Test - Principle, Purpose, Procedure, Results

Cetrimide Selective Agar is a solid medium that is recommended for use in qualitative procedures for selective isolation and presumed identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other nonfermenting, gram-negative bacilli.

Acetamide utilization Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Uses

Acetamide utilization Test Principle, Procedure, result

It is a biochemical test used for the identification and differentiation of non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria. It is mainly applied for the confirmation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This test is based on the ability of the organism to utilize acetamide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. The test medium contains acetamide and a pH indicator … Read more