procedure - Biology Notes Online

Nuclear Staining by Giemsa stain – Procedure, Principle, Result

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 3 min readby BNO Team

Nuclear Staining by Giemsa stain: Procedure, Principle, Result

Bacterial cells contain nuclear material, made of single-stranded circular DNA, in contrast to eukaryotes. This genetic material is present within the membrane-bounded structure known as the nucleus. In case of prokaryotes the nuclear material is present within the nucleoid which lacks the nuclear membrane and does not follow the mitosis or miosis cell division. Some … Read more

Cell Membrane Staining Procedure, Principle, Result

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 3 min readby BNO Team

The cell membrane is a biological membrane which also termed a plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane. It divides the interior of the cell from the outside environment, thus protects the cell from environmental stress. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer, contains cholesterols between phospholipids which maintain their fluidity at various temperatures. The membrane … Read more

Collagen Hybridizing Peptide Staining

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 7 min readby BNO Team

Collagen Hybridizing Peptide stain is a vital stain used for the detection of collagen degraded tissues, mainly used in Developmental Biology, Histology, and Histopathology.

Iron-Hematoxylin Staining – Principle, Procedure, Result

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 11 min readby BNO Team

Hematoxylin is extracted from a leguminous plant, known as Haematoxylon campechianum, thus it is a natural dye. It forms hematein by oxidation (Ripening).

Acridine Orange Staining

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 3 min readby BNO Team

Acridine Orange contains metachromatic properties, that’s why it is employed in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry study of cellular physiology and cell cycle state, including the fluorescent microscopic examination of microorganisms.

Capsule Staining – Procedure, Principle, Result

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 6 min readby BNO Team

Capsule staining is a differential staining method, where two different stains are used such as the primary stain and the counterstain.

Parasporal Crystal Stain – Principle, Procedure, Result

By BNO Team Published on May 18, 2024 2 min readby BNO Team

Production of parasporal crystals is a unique ability (among Bacillus species) of Bacillus thuringiensis. This stain is a means of rapid identification of the species.

Latex agglutination test – Definition, Procedure, Principle, Advantages, Limitation, Uses

By BNO Team Published on May 17, 2024 25 min readby BNO Team

$latex agglutination test$

What is the latex agglutination test? Types of Latex Agglutination The latex agglutination test can be categorized into two main types based on the processes of detection: Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) for Antibody Detection and Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) for Antigen Detection. These two types of latex agglutination tests provide valuable diagnostic information in different … Read more

Widal Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Advantages, Limitation

By BNO Team Published on May 14, 2024 26 min readby BNO Team

Widal Test Principle, Procedure, Result, Advantages, Limitation

The Widal test is an agglutination test that determines any antibodies present in the patient’s serum that are generated against the causal agents of the enteric febrile illness (Salmonella Typhi, and Salmonella paratyphi B, A as well as C).

Counter Current Immunoelectrophoresis – Principle, Procedure, Result.

By BNO Team Published on May 14, 2024 19 min readby BNO Team

Counter current immunoelectrophoresis is a modification of immunoelectrophoresis in which antigen and antibody migrate towards opposite directions and form a visible white precipitate in the area between the wells.