BNO Team 
25 min read 
Clinical materials containing small numbers of Vibrio should be inoculated into an enrichment medium prior to plating onto a selective medium, such as TCBS Agar (M189). Alkaline Peptone Water is a suitable enrichment broth for this purpose.
46 min read 
production of blood agar after the addition of liquid blood.
5 min read 
Sheep blood agar The principle of sheep blood agar Haemolysins are exotoxins created by bacteria that kill Red blood cell clots. The haemolytic process can be observed on blood Agar Plates. In blood agar plates, colonies of haemolytic bacterium may be covered by a the clear, uncoloured zone, in which the Red blood cells are … Read more
21 min read 
What is Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA)? Why MHA is used for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)? Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing due to several key reasons: Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) Principle The principle of Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) revolves around its composition and the controlled levels of various components to … Read more
17 min read 
Salmonella Shigella (SS) Agar can be moderately specific and a differing medium used for the cultivation, isolation as well as differentiation Salmonella spp. and a few varieties that belong to Shigella spp.
2 min read 
Anesthetic Solution (Buffered MS222) is commonly used to temporarily immobilize fish and amphibians.
1 min read 
Carbenicillin is an ampicillin analog with structure related to benzyl penicillin. It is effective against Gram-negative bacteria and exhibits limited activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Carbenicillin binds and inhibits the enzymes involved in the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. Since carbenicillin is less sensitive to β-lactamases than ampicillin, it is effective against ampicillin-resistant bacteria. It has … Read more
7 min read 
Chelation Medium Preparation To prepare 1L of Chelation Medium the following components are required. Component Amount Concentration NaCl (mw: 58.44 g/mol) 40.9 g 0.7 M MgCl2·6H2O (mw: 203.3 g/mol) 6.1 g 0.03 M MgSO4·7H2O (mw: 246.47 g/mol) 7.39 g 0.03 M KCl (mw: 74.55 g/mol) 1.49 g 0.02 M EGTA (mw: 380.35 g/mol) 7.6 g … Read more
4 min read 
Acrylamide Stock Solution Preparation Application: Acrylamide is used along with bisacrylamide to form gels used in SDS-PAGE. Acrylamide forms polyacrylamide polymers, while bisacrylamide crosslinks between polyacrylamide chains. To prepare 1L of Acrylamide Stock Solution the following components are required; Component Amount Concentration acrylamide (mw: 71.08 g/mol) 389.6 g 5.481 M bisacrylamide (mw: 154.17 g/mol) 10.4 … Read more
32 min read 
pH Buffer solution A pH buffer or hydrogen ion buffer is defined as an aqueous solution that is composed of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa. In addition of a small amount of strong acid or base, it shows very little changes in pH. pH buffer is mainly … Read more