28 Difference Between Spermatogenesis and Spermiogenesis in human cells.

By BNO Team Published on May 20, 2024 3 min readby BNO Team

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Spermatogenesis

• Spermatogenesis is the process of the formation of haploid sperms from a diploid stem cell known as spermatogonium.
• The process occurs inside the seminiferous tubules in the testis.
• The entire process takes about 70 days.
• Spermatogenic germ cells are called spermatogonia.
• Spermatogonia are stem cells that are capable of self-renewing.
• They differentiate into intermediate spermatogonium, which is committed to differentiating into spermatozoa.

Oogenesis

• Oogenesis is the process of formation of the ovum.
• The process occurs in the ovaries of the female.
• One oogonium produces a single ovum.
• Primary oocyte is the diploid cell, which is divided by meiosis, forming a single ovum.
• Oogenic germ cells are called oogonia, which are stem cells, self-renewing and differentiating into ova.

Difference Between Spermatogenesis and Spermiogenesis

Properties	Spermatogenesis	Oogenesis
Definition	The production of sperms from spermatogonia is called spermatogenesis.	The production of eggs from oogonia is called oogenesis.
Oogenesis	Occurs in male	Occurs in female
Growth phase	Too short	Prolonged
Formation	Seminiferous tubules of testis	In ovaries
Process	Production of sperms from spermatogonia	Production of ovum from oogonia
Cell Division	All spermatogonia are divided by meiosis, producing sperms all the times.	Some of the oogonia divide during the production of eggs, one at a time.
Continuity	Spermatogenesis is a continuous process, occurring after the puberty till death.	Early stages of the oogenesis occurs during the fetal period. The rest of the process occurs after the puberty. Only one ovum is produced per month until menopause.
Production of ovum from oogonia	Continuous, occurs after the puberty till death	Discontinuous, occurs after the puberty until menopause
Nuclear condensation	Found	Absent
Sertoli cells	Sertoli cells are found in the germinal cell epithelium, supporting the germinal cells.	No Sertoli cells are found in the germinal cell epithelium.
Food reserve	Sperm contains less food reserve	Ovum contain a lot of food reserve
Stages	All stages occurs inside the testis	Except the last stage which occurs in oviduct, all stages occurs inside the ovary
germ line epithelium	Involved in gamete production	Not involved
Location	Occurs entirely in testes	Occurs mostly in ovaries
Meiotic Division	Equal division of cells	Unequal division of cytoplasm
Primary Gametocyte	Primary spermatocyte is divided by meiosis 1, forming two secondary spermatocytes.	Primary oocyte is divided by meiosis 1, forming a secondary oocyte and one polar body.
Secondary Gametocyte	Secondary spermatocyte is divided by meiosis 2, forming two spermatids.	Secondary oocyte is divided by meiosis 2, forming ovum and one polar body.
Cytokinesis	Equal	Unequal
Number of gametes produced	4	1 (plus 2 -3 polar bodies)
Size of gametes	Sperm smaller than spermatocytes	Ova larger than oocytes
Duration	Uninterrupted process	In arrested process
Onset	beings at puberty	Begins in foetus (pre-natal)
Release	continuous	Monthly from puberty (menstrual cycle)
Initiation of process	Begins at puberty	Begins even before birth
Motility	Sperm are motile	Ovum is immotile
Starting cells	Start from a primary spermatocyte	Start from a primary oocyte
Result	Forms four motile male gametes i.e. sperms	Forms one non-motile female gamete i.e. ovum
Releasing	Sperms are released from the testis	Oocytes are released from the ovary which matures later

References

• https://biologyreader.com/difference-between-spermatogenesis-and-oogenesis.html
• https://ib.bioninja.com.au/higher-level/topic-11-animal-physiology/114-sexual-reproduction/gametogenesis.html
• https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-spermatogenesis-and-vs-oogenesis/

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