Answer
Meristem tissue is found in specific regions of a plant where growth occurs. These areas are generally characterized by active cell division. The main locations where meristematic tissues are found include:
- Apical Meristem:
- Location: At the tips of roots and shoots.
- Function: Responsible for primary growth, which results in the elongation of the plant. It is involved in the development of new leaves, stems, and roots.
- Lateral Meristem:
- Location: Along the sides of stems and roots.
- Function: Responsible for secondary growth, which increases the thickness or girth of the plant. Key lateral meristems include:
- Vascular Cambium: Produces new xylem and phloem tissues, contributing to the thickening of stems and roots.
- Cork Cambium: Produces cork cells for the outer bark, providing protection and reducing water loss.
- Intercalary Meristem:
- Location: At the bases of leaves or internodes, particularly in grasses and other monocots.
- Function: Allows for regrowth and elongation of stems and leaves, often following damage or removal. It contributes to the rapid growth of plant parts.
- Shoot Apical Meristem (SAM):
- Location: At the growing tips of shoots.
- Function: Involved in the development of new leaves, stems, and floral organs. It plays a crucial role in the vertical growth of the plant.
- Root Apical Meristem (RAM):
- Location: At the growing tips of roots.
- Function: Facilitates root elongation and the formation of new root tissues.
These meristematic regions are essential for the plant’s growth and development throughout its life cycle.
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