Zoology

Topics Under This Category

External Morphology of Insects – Head, Eyes, Antennae, Mouth parts, Wings, Legs

46 min readby
General External Morphology of Insects

The morphology of insects encompasses their structural features, including body shape, size, and arrangement of various parts. Insects possess a three-part body plan consisting of the head, thorax, and abdomen. Insects also exhibit a variety of appendages and surface modifications that serve specific functions, such as camouflage, locomotion, and sensory perception. Their exoskeleton, made of … Read more

Classification of Insects – Basis of insect classification and Classification of insects up to orders

43 min readby
Classification of insects

Insects are a diverse group of arthropods belonging to the class Insecta, characterized by their three-part body structure, which includes the head, thorax, and abdomen. They typically have six legs, compound eyes, and one or two pairs of wings. Insects exhibit remarkable adaptability, inhabiting a wide range of environments from deserts to oceans. They undergo … Read more

Insects – General Features, Distribution and Success of Insects on the Earth

11 min readby
Insects - General Features, Distribution and Success of Insects on the Earth

What are Insects? Definition of Insects Insects are small, six-legged invertebrates belonging to the class Insecta. They have a three-part body (head, thorax, and abdomen), a chitinous exoskeleton, compound eyes, and a pair of antennae. Insects are the most diverse group of animals, with over a million species, and play crucial roles in ecosystems as … Read more

Smell – Organs, Olfactory Receptor, Central Olfactory Pathways

11 min readby
The location and structure of the olfactory epithelium.

What is Smell? The Organs of Smell The organs of smell primarily involve the olfactory system, which is responsible for detecting and processing odors. Unlike common misconceptions, the nose itself does not perform the act of smelling; rather, it serves as a conduit for air to reach specialized cells within the nasal cavity. The key … Read more

Taste – Organs, Receptor, Mechanisms, Central Taste Pathways, Neural Coding

15 min readby
Taste - Organs, Receptor, Mechanisms, Central Taste Pathways, Neural Coding

What is Taste? The Organs of Taste The organs of taste are essential in helping humans detect and differentiate between various flavors. While the tongue is the primary organ associated with taste, other areas such as the palate, pharynx, and epiglottis also play a role in the tasting process. Additionally, odors from food contribute to … Read more

The Structure of the Nervous System – Gross Organization, Development, Features

22 min readby
Structure of the Nervous System

The nervous system represents one of the most intricate and essential systems in multicellular organisms, functioning as the primary coordinator of actions, sensory information, and responses to environmental stimuli. This complex network is responsible for detecting changes in the environment, processing that information, and enabling organisms to react accordingly, working closely with the endocrine system … Read more

Neurotransmitters – Definition, Types, Mechanism, Functions

33 min readby
Two Distinct Types of Neurotransmitter Receptors

What are Neurotransmitters? Definition of Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to other target cells, such as muscle or gland cells, across synapses, helping regulate various functions in the nervous system. Properties of Neurotransmitter Below are key properties that define neurotransmitters and their role in neural communication. Types … Read more

Synapse – Definition, Structure, Principles, Types & Function

7 revisions 25 min readby
Synapse - Definition, Parts, Types & Function

What is Synapse? Definition of Synapse A synapse is a junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell, such as a muscle cell, that allows for the transmission of electrical or chemical signals. It consists of a presynaptic terminal, a synaptic cleft, and a postsynaptic terminal, facilitating communication within the nervous … Read more

Action Potential – Definition, Properties, Generation, Mechanism, Conduction

6 revisions 19 min readby
Action Potential - Definition, Properties, Mechanism

What is Action Potential? Definition of action potential An action potential is defined as a rapid, transient change in the electrical membrane potential of a neuron, characterized by a brief depolarization followed by repolarization. This process allows neurons to transmit signals over long distances. It occurs when the membrane potential reaches a critical threshold, leading … Read more

Neuronal Membrane – Components, Movement of ions, The Resting Potential

18 min readby
Neuronal Membrane at Rest

What is Neuronal Membrane? Components of Neuronal Membrane Cytosol and Extracellular Fluid The cytosol and extracellular fluid are essential environments for neuronal function, as they provide the medium for the movement of ions, which generate the electrical signals vital to neuron activity. The presence of water, along with ions dissolved in it, plays a critical … Read more

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