Expression of MHC Molecules
1. The SXY–CIITA Regulatory System 2. TNF- And IFN-Induced Expression Of Mhc Class I 3. Expression Of Mhc Class Ib Genes 4. Other Regulatory Pathways Governing Mhc Class II Gene Expression
MHC Genes – H-2 Complex and HLA Complex
What is HLA Complex? What is H-2 Complex? Detailed Organization Of The H-2 Complex 1. Murine MHC Class I Genes 2. Murine 2-Microglobulin Gene 3. Murine MHC Class Ib Genes 4. Murine MHC Class II Genes 5. Murine MHC Class IIb Genes 6. Murine Non-MHC Genes in the MHC 7. Murine MHC Class III Genes … Read more
Antigen-Antibody Interaction Reaction – Definition, Types, Examples, Properties
Antigen-Antibody (Ag-Ab) Interaction refers to the biochemical reaction that occurs between antibodies and specific antigens when they come into close proximity, typically within a distance of several nanometers. This interaction plays a critical role in the immune response against foreign substances and pathogens in the body. The binding of antibodies to specific antigens is facilitated … Read more
Antigen – Definition, Types, Structure, Detection, Properties
What is Antigen? Antigen Definition An antigen is a foreign molecule or substance that triggers an immune response in the body, leading to the production of antibodies. or An antigen is a substance that can stimulate an immune response in the body. It can be a molecule or a part of a molecule, such as … Read more
Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs)
Antigen Presentation Definition Antigen-Presenting Cells Definition Types of Antigen-Presenting Cells Antigen-presenting cells fall into two categories: Antigen-presenting cells that contain MHC class II molecules, co-stimulatory molecules, and pattern recognition receptors are often referred to be “professional.” Non-professional APCs express molecules of MHC class I. 1. Professional Antigen-Presenting Cells a. Macrophages Activation of Macrophages For macrophages … Read more
Agglutination Test – definition, Types, Uses, Advantages, Disadvantages
In this article we will learn about Agglutination test definition, Types, Uses, Advantages, Disadvantages, Aim of Agglutination Test, Specimen collection, application of Agglutination test and finally Examples of Agglutination test. Agglutination Test Agglutination Test is a clinical assay used for the detection of Antibody or Antigen in body fluids such as saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, … Read more
Immunodiffusion Reaction
Immunodiffusion refers to the movement of antigen or antibody within the gel. Add the reactants to the wells. They diffuse to the area of lower/no concentration. A gradient of the reactants’ concentration forms as they diffuse into the gel. Immunoprecipitation takes place in a region with an equivalent concentration of both the antibody and antigen. This is represented by bands.
Flow Cytometry – Principle, Process, Uses
What is Flow cytometry? Flow cytometry Instrumentation Flow cytometry Principle Information Obtained from Flow cytometry The flow cytometer has various clinical and scientific applications. The determination of the type and amount of white blood cells in blood samples is a typical clinical application. By treating properly processed blood samples with a fluorescently tagged antibody and … Read more
Tumor – Types, Tumor Antigens, Risk Factors
What is a tumor? Risk factors for tumors Types of Tumors There is three types of Tumors such as; 1. Cancerous or Malignant Tumor Types of malignant tumors Examples of Cancerous or Malignant Tumor 2. Noncancerous or Benign Types of benign tumors Examples of Noncancerous or Benign Adenomas Fibroids Fibroids, also known as fibromas, are … Read more
Immunotherapy For Tumors
Oncologists and immunologists have long been optimistic about the potential of immunologic techniques to treat cancer patients. The primary interest in an immunologic approach stems from the fact that the majority of existing cancer treatments rely on medications that kill dividing cells or stop cell division, and these treatments have severe side effects on normal … Read more