Zoology - Biology Notes Online

Helminths – Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Infection, Pathogenesis

By Sourav Pan Published on October 2, 2024 27 min readby Sourav Pan

Helminths - Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Infection, Pathogenesis

What are Helminths? Classification of Helminths Helminths, a diverse group of invertebrates, are primarily recognized for their elongated, flat, or round bodies. They are categorized into two main classes: flatworms (Platyhelminthes), which include flukes (trematodes) and tapeworms (cestodes), and roundworms (Nematoda). The classification of helminths is essential for understanding their biology, life cycles, and modes … Read more

Phylum Ctenophora – Characteristics, Classification, Examples, Evolutionary significance

By BNO Team Published on October 2, 2024 24 min readby BNO Team

Phylum Ctenophora - Characteristics, Classification, Examples

What is Phylum Ctenophora? Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Eumetazoa Phylum Ctenophora Phylum Ctenophora, commonly referred to as comb jellies, encompasses a group of marine invertebrates known for their distinctive, jelly-like appearance and unique locomotive mechanisms. These creatures, often mistaken for jellyfish, play a significant role in marine ecosystems across the globe. Below is an exploration of … Read more

Coral Reefs – Types, Structure, Habitat, Formation, Importance

By Sourav Pan Published on October 2, 2024 32 min readby Sourav Pan

Coral Reefs - Types, Structure, Habitat, Formation, Importance

What are Coral Reefs? Structure of a coral polyp Coral polyps are fundamental building blocks of coral reefs, exhibiting a unique structure that facilitates their role in these vibrant ecosystems. Generally small, a typical coral polyp measures about 10 mm in length and 1 to 3 mm in diameter. Although some solitary polyps can reach … Read more

Metazoa – Characteristics, Symmetry, Metamerism, Origin and Evolution

By Sourav Pan Published on October 2, 2024 41 min readby Sourav Pan

Metazoa - Characteristics, Symmetry, Metamerism, Origin and Evolution

What is Metazoa? Characteristics of metazoa Metazoa, or multicellular animals, exhibit a range of distinctive characteristics that differentiate them from other life forms. Understanding these features provides insight into their complex biological organization and functional diversity. The following points outline the key characteristics of metazoans: Levels of body Organisation The levels of body organization in … Read more

Fish Aquarium – Components, Contents, Preparation and Maintenance

By Sourav Pan Published on September 29, 2024 39 min readby Sourav Pan

Fish Aquarium - Components, Contents, Preparation and Maintenance

What is an Aquarium? Types of Aquarium An aquarium can be categorized based on its purpose, size, and the type of aquatic life it contains. Below are the primary types of aquariums, explained in detail: Major Aquarium Accessories Aquarium accessories are essential to maintaining a balanced and healthy environment for aquatic life. These tools and … Read more

Hatchery Management of Major Cultivable Fin-Fishes

By Sourav Pan Published on September 28, 2024 34 min readby Sourav Pan

Hatchery Management of Major Cultivable Fin-Fishes

What is Hatchery Management? Hatchery Management of Indian Major Carp Hatchery management plays a pivotal role in the aquaculture of Indian major carps (IMC), which are essential for food security and nutrition in India. This management process involves various systematic practices to ensure successful breeding, rearing, and incubation of carp species such as Catla (Catla … Read more

Induced Breeding In Fishes – Principle, Mechanism, Procedure, Advantages

By Sourav Pan Published on September 28, 2024 39 min readby Sourav Pan

What Is Induced Breeding (hypophysation)? History of induced breeding Induced breeding has played a transformative role in aquaculture, enabling the controlled reproduction of fish species that naturally require specific environmental stimuli for spawning. The history of this technique highlights key advancements across different countries, leading to its widespread adoption in modern fish farming. Principle of … Read more

Broodstock Management – Definition, Objective, Procedure, Importance

By Sourav Pan Published on September 28, 2024 21 min readby Sourav Pan

Broodstock Management - Definition, Objective, Procedure, Importance

What is Broodstock Management? Objective of Broodstock Management Broodstock management is essential for optimizing fish breeding practices, particularly in aquaculture systems. The objectives of effective broodstock management encompass several key areas, all aimed at enhancing fish production and ensuring sustainability. The following points detail these objectives: Selection procedure of brood fish The selection procedure for … Read more

Composite Fish Culture – Definition, Steps, Advantages

By Sourav Pan Published on September 28, 2024 15 min readby Sourav Pan

What is Composite Fish Culture? Steps in Composite Fish Culture 1. Site selection Site selection is a critical aspect of aquaculture that significantly influences the success of fish farming operations. Choosing an appropriate site requires a comprehensive evaluation of various factors that can affect fish health, growth, and overall productivity. The process can be categorized … Read more

Polyculture of Fishes – Definition, Objectives, Advantages

By Sourav Pan Published on September 28, 2024 17 min readby Sourav Pan

Polyculture of Fishes - Definition, Objectives, Advantages

What is Polyculture of Fishes? Indian Polyculture System In India, the polyculture system has evolved significantly over time, primarily focusing on the integration of various fish species to optimize production in aquaculture. Initially, this system prominently featured Indian major carps such as rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), and mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala). Subsequently, the practice … Read more