Molecular biology is the study of the structure and function of molecules that are important in living organisms. It is a broad field that encompasses a variety of subdisciplines, including genetics, genomics, proteomics, and biochemistry.
Molecular biologists use a variety of techniques to study the molecules that are important in living organisms, including DNA, RNA, and proteins. They may use techniques such as DNA sequencing, gene expression analysis, and protein structure determination to study these molecules and understand their roles in living systems.
Molecular biologists often work in research laboratories, where they conduct experiments and analyze data to understand the functions of different molecules and how they interact with one another. They may also work in academia, government agencies, or the pharmaceutical industry, where they may use their knowledge of molecular biology to develop new drugs or therapies.
Molecular biology is an important field because it helps us to understand the fundamental processes that underlie life and how these processes can go wrong in diseases. It also has practical applications in areas such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.
Molecular biology is an important field of study because it helps us to understand the fundamental processes that underlie life and how these processes can go wrong in diseases. It also has practical applications in areas such as medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Here are a few examples of the importance of molecular biology:
Medicine: Molecular biology has played a crucial role in the development of new drugs and therapies for a variety of diseases. For example, molecular biologists have used their understanding of the genetic basis of diseases to develop targeted therapies that are more effective and have fewer side effects than traditional treatments.
Agriculture: Molecular biology has also had a major impact on agriculture, with the development of genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests and diseases, and that can grow in challenging environments. This has had significant benefits for food production and has contributed to global food security.
Biotechnology: Molecular biology is also important for the development of new products and technologies in the field of biotechnology. For example, molecular biologists have used their understanding of DNA and protein synthesis to develop new methods for producing drugs, enzymes, and other products.
Environmental conservation: Molecular biology is also used to understand the genetic diversity and evolution of species, which can be useful in efforts to conserve and protect endangered species.
Overall, the study of molecular biology is important for improving our understanding of the fundamental processes of life and for developing new technologies and therapies that can improve human health and well-being.
Mode of DNA replication Imagine yourself in 1953, right after the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA. What are some burning questions you and other scientists might have? One big question concerned DNA replication. The double helix shape of DNA gave a tantalising hint about how copying might happen. It seemed likely that … Read more
What are Okazaki Fragments? Okazaki Fragments Definition Okazaki fragments are short DNA sequences synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication, which are later joined together to form a continuous strand. Why do okazaki fragments form? Why okazaki fragments are formed? Okazaki fragments form due to the inherent nature of DNA polymerase and the … Read more
What is cDNA library? Principle of cDNA library Process involved in the construction of cDNA library 1. Extraction of mRNA from the eukaryotic cell 2. cDNA construction In the process of creating cDNAs, there’s different approaches. They are described as follows: a. The RNAse method Step I: Annealing: Step II: Replacing RNA strand with DNA … Read more
A ribonucleoprotein known as telomerase, terminal transferase adds a repeat sequence of telomeres to the 3′ end of chromosomes, the length of which varies depending on species. In most eukaryotic organisms, the chromosomal ends are capped by a repeating sequence known as a telomere. Telomeres prevent DNA damage and chromosomal fusion at the chromosome’s end. … Read more
What is SOS Response or SOS Repair? Definition of SOS Response or SOS Repair The SOS response or SOS repair is a cellular mechanism activated in response to DNA damage, where the cell cycle is temporarily halted to facilitate DNA repair and mutagenesis. Central to this system is the RecA protein, which, when stimulated by … Read more
What is cDNA? cDNA synthesis principle cDNA synthesis steps There are different steps for synthesis of cdna such as; cDNA synthesis protocol 1. Prepare sample 2. Remove genomic DNA 3. Select reverse transcriptase Common reverse transcriptases and their attributes. AMV reverse transcriptase MMLV reverse transcriptase Engineered MMLV reverse transcriptase(e.g., Invitrogen SuperScript IV Reverse Transcriptase) RNase … Read more
Transcription refers to the process in which the information contained in the DNA strand is transformed into a new messenger RNA molecule (mRNA). In prokaryotic cells, transcription occurs in three stages called the initiation, the elongation, and the termination.
The process of DNA transcription also referred to as RNA synthesis , is the process where genetic information in DNA is transformed into messenger (mRNA) (mRNA) through an enzyme known as RNA polymerase.
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) Polymerase (RNAP) enzyme is a multi-subunit enzyme which uses its function to catalyze the transcription process RNA produced from DNA template.
What is Gene cloning? “DNA Cloning” is a molecular biology technique that is utilized to create exact copies, or clones, of one particular gene or DN.” History of Gene cloning Principle of Gene Cloning Requirements for Gene Cloning Restriction Enzyme Digestion and Ligation Enzyme Source Recognition Sequence Restriction Digest EcoRI Escherichia coli 5’GAATTC3’CTTAAG 5′—G↓AATTC—3’3′—CTTAA↑G—5′ … Read more
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