Genetics is the branch of biology that studies genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. It explores how traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes, which are segments of DNA that carry instructions for building and maintaining an organism.
Key areas in genetics include:
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What is Allele? Definition of Allele An allele is a specific variant of a gene that occupies a particular position (locus) on a chromosome, and different alleles can result in variations of a trait. Each individual inherits two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. Features of Alleles Types of Alleles There are different … Read more
20 min read 
What is Multiple Alleles? Definition of Multiple Alleles Multiple alleles are different forms of the same gene that exist at a specific locus on homologous chromosomes, resulting in more than two possible variations of that gene within a population. While an individual organism can have only two alleles for a gene, multiple alleles contribute to … Read more
14 min read 
What is Polygenic Inheritance (Quantitative inheritance)? Definition of Polygenic Inheritance Polygenic inheritance is a genetic mechanism where a single phenotypic trait is controlled by the additive effects of multiple genes, resulting in continuous variation rather than discrete categories. Characteristics of Polygenic Inheritance Examples of Polygenic Inheritance in Humans This section explores how polygenic inheritance influences … Read more
11 min read 
What is Incomplete Dominance? Definition of Incomplete Dominance Incomplete dominance is a genetic scenario where the heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate blend of the two homozygous phenotypes, with neither allele being fully dominant or recessive. Concept of Dominance In genetics, the concept of dominance revolves around the relationship between alleles of a single gene. To … Read more
11 min read 
What is Codominance? Definition of Codominance Codominance is a genetic scenario where two different alleles at a locus are both fully expressed in a heterozygote, resulting in a phenotype that displays traits of both alleles simultaneously. What are the Symbolism for codominant alleles? Examples of Codominance Codominance in Animals Codominance in Humans Codominance in Plants … Read more
5 min read 
What is Non-Mendelian Inheritance? Types of Non-Mendelian Inheritance Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns reveal a range of genetic mechanisms that extend beyond Mendel’s classical laws of inheritance. These patterns involve complex interactions between genes and their expression. The following are key types of non-Mendelian inheritance:
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What is Mendel’s Law of Segregation? Mendel’s Law of Segregation Definition Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation, ensuring each gamete carries only one allele, randomly inherited from the parent. What is segregation? Principle of Segregation and its Importance Characteristics of Mendel’s Law of Segregation Examples of Mendel’s … Read more
14 min read 
What is Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment? Definition of Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment states that genes for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another, meaning the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another. Characteristics of Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment Examples of … Read more
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What is Mendel’s Law of Dominance? Mendel’s Law of Dominance is one of the foundational principles of genetics, formulated by Gregor Mendel through his experiments with pea plants. It asserts that when two homozygous organisms, each possessing contrasting traits for a specific character, are crossed, only one of the traits will appear in the first … Read more
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In the 1860s, Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, revolutionized the field of genetics with his foundational work on inheritance patterns. His experiments with pea plants led to the development of Mendelian inheritance, which is based on the concept that heredity operates through discrete units called genes. These genes, according to Mendel, act independently within an … Read more