5 min read 
Maintain an infectious disease in a human population the pathogens must need to be transmitted from one host or source to another. In Biology the term transmission is refers to the passing of a pathogen from one individual to another individual which can cause a serious disease or infection. The transmission of disease is occurred … Read more
25 min read 
Crystals in Urine Urine is a complex fluid that contains various chemicals, and under certain conditions, these chemicals can solidify and form salt crystals. This phenomenon is known as crystalluria. When examining urine samples, the presence of crystals is often assessed as part of a urinalysis, which measures different substances in the urine. While normal … Read more
22 min read 
What is Germ Theory of Disease? Key principles of the germ theory of disease The key principles of the germ theory of disease can be summarized as follows: These principles collectively form the foundation of the germ theory of disease, guiding our understanding of the causes, transmission, prevention, and treatment of infectious diseases. Germ theory … Read more
14 min read 
Handwashing is a fundamental and essential practice in basic hygiene that helps to prevent the transmission and spread of infectious agents. Poor hygiene practices can have a significant impact on causing various infections, including those affecting the skin, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal system. Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are often associated with a lack of or … Read more
24 min read 
What is Rickettsia? Features of Rickettsia Transmission of Rickettsia Diagnosis of Rickettsia Diagnosing rickettsial diseases can be challenging, and it often relies on a combination of clinical recognition, epidemiological context, and laboratory testing. Here are some key points regarding the diagnosis of Rickettsia infections: Epidemiology of Rickettsia Pathogenesis of Rickettsioses Signs and Symptoms of rickettsial diseases The signs and … Read more
17 min read 
What is Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)? A urinary tract infection (UTI) refers to an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract, which includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Here are some important points about UTIs: UTIs can cause discomfort and may lead to complications if left untreated. Prompt medical attention, appropriate … Read more
8 min read 
Virulence Definition Virulence define the intensity of a pathogen to cause disease. The Virulence varies among different microbial species. Virulence enables the microorganism to carry a specific character which can damage the tissue of the host cell. Virulence helps the microorganism to better survive its residency in the host. The virulence property of an organism varies … Read more