Disaccharides – Definition, Classification, Functions, Examples

Disaccharides - Definition, Classification, Functions, Examples

What are Disaccharides? Definition of Disaccharides Disaccharides are sugars formed by the joining of two monosaccharide molecules through a glycosidic linkage. They are soluble in water and include examples like sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Properties of Disaccharides Disaccharides possess several properties that are influenced by their structural characteristics and composition: These properties contribute to the … Read more

Fatty acid – Definition, Structure, Types, Functions

Fatty acid - Definition, Structure, Types, Functions

What is Fatty acid? Fatty acids are essential components in biochemistry, playing significant roles in various biological processes. These carboxylic acids consist of an aliphatic chain, which can be either saturated or unsaturated. In nature, most fatty acids have a straight chain with an even number of carbon atoms, ranging from 4 to 28. They … Read more

Beta-oxidation of Fatty Acid – Definition, Steps, Importance

Beta-oxidation of Fatty Acid - Definition, Steps, Importance

What is Beta-oxidation? Definition of Beta-oxidation Beta-oxidation is the metabolic process in cells where fatty acids are broken down into smaller units called acetyl-CoA, generating energy in the form of ATP. Location of Beta-Oxidation Beta-oxidation, a crucial metabolic pathway for the breakdown of fatty acids, occurs in specific cellular locations depending on the organism’s type. In … Read more

Energy Rich Compounds – Phosphoenolpyruvate, 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate, Thioesters, ATP

Energy Rich Compounds - Phosphoenolpyruvate, 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate, Thioesters, ATP

What is Energy rich compound? Phosphoenolpyruvate Structure of Phosphoenolpyruvate The structure of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) consists of a three-carbon pyruvate molecule with an additional phosphate group attached to one of the carbon atoms. Here is the structural formula of PEP: HO-C=O | P-O-P-OH | CH2-CHO In the structure, the central carbon atom is double-bonded to an … Read more

Carbohydrates – Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides

Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides

What is Carbohydrate? Definition of Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are carbon-based compounds that serve as a source of energy and play important roles in the structure and function of living organisms. Structure of Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Monosaccharides are fundamental units of carbohydrates and are often referred to as simple sugars. They play essential roles in various biological processes … Read more

Isomerism – Definition, Types, Explanation, Examples

Isomerism - Definition, Types, Explanation, Examples

What is Isomerism? Definition of Isomerism Isomerism is the phenomenon in chemistry where molecules or ions have the same molecular formula but differ in their spatial arrangement or bond connectivity. Different Types of Isomerism Isomerism, a fundamental concept in chemistry, can be classified into two primary types: structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Let’s delve into these … Read more

Cis and Trans Isomers – Definition, Properties, Identification, Examples

Cis and Trans Isomers - Definition, Properties, Identification, Examples

What is Cis and Trans Isomers? What causes cis and trans isomerism? Cis and trans isomerism arise due to the restricted rotation around a double bond or in a ring structure. This restricted rotation locks the atoms or groups into specific spatial arrangements, leading to different isomeric forms. Let’s explore an example to understand the … Read more

Linkage isomerism – Definition, Examples

Linkage isomerism - Definition, Examples

What is Linkage isomerism? – Linkage isomerism Definition Ligands  Ligands That Can Form Linkage Isomers ligand Lewis structure name donor atoms CN– cyanide ion C or N SCN– thiocyanate ion S or N NO2– nitrite ion N or O Ambidentate Ligand An ambidentate ligand is a type of ligand that possesses two different potential sites … Read more

Structural Isomer – Definition, Types, Examples

Structural Isomer - Definition, Types, Examples

What is Structural isomer? Types of Structural isomer Structural isomerism, also known as constitutional isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which the atoms within a molecule are arranged in different orders, resulting in compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Structural isomers often exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties. Let’s explore … Read more

Tautomer (Tautomerism) – Definition, Types, Example, Applications

Tautomer (Tautomerism) - Definition, Types, Example, Applications

What is Tautomer? Tautomer definition A tautomer is a type of isomer that exists in multiple interconvertible structures, differing in the relative position of a specific atomic nucleus, typically hydrogen. What Is Tautomerism? Structural Requirement of Tautomerism Tautomerism, the phenomenon of interconversion between different isomeric forms of a compound, has specific structural requirements. Here are … Read more

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