What is glycolysis? Definition of glycolysis Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, releasing energy used to form molecules of ATP and NADH, primarily occurring in the cytosol of cells. Salient features of glycolysis In essence, glycolysis is a fundamental metabolic process, intricately linked with various other pathways, underscoring its central role … Read more
In this article, we will discuss the Fate of Pyruvate or the Utilization of Pyruvate after the formation via glycolysis. After the formation of Pyruvate through the glycolysis pathway, it may enter into different pathways such as; lactate fermentation in muscles and rbc, alcohol fermentation, and acetyl CoA fermentation (acetyl CoA then enters into TCA … Read more
What is Pentose Phosphate Pathway? Pentose Phosphate Pathway Definition The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis that produces NADPH, pentoses (5-carbon sugars), and ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor for nucleotide synthesis. It plays a crucial role in both cellular biosynthesis and the defense against oxidative stress. Location of Pentose Phosphate Pathway … Read more
Entner–Doudoroff pathway is an alternative pathway of Glycolysis. This pathway is found in Gram-negative bacteria, certain Gram-positive bacteria, and archaea. Entner–Doudoroff pathway Definition Entner–Doudoroff pathway containing Organisms Some example of bacteria those contain Entner–Doudoroff pathway are Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Xanthomonas campestris, Zymomonas mobilis, Enterococcus faecalis. This pathway also found in … Read more
What is the krebs cycle? Krebs Cycle Steps with Diagram The Overall Krebs cycle equation is; 2 acetyl groups + 6 NAD+ + 2 FAD + 2 ADP + 2 Pi = 4 CO2 + 6 NADH + 6 H+ + 2 FADH2 + 2 ATP Krebs Cycle Products The followings are the end product … Read more
Glyoxylate cycle Definition Glyoxylate cycle Steps Glyoxylate cycle functions The conversation of dicarboxylic and tricarboxylic acids in germinating seeds occurs in three compartments such as mitochondria, glyoxysomes, and cytosol. During the conversation, the oxaloacetate from the TCA cycle (mitochondria) enters into the glyoxysomes in the form of aspartate. After that, the aspartate converted into oxaloacetate … Read more
Mitochondrial transporter The mitochondria contain different types of transporter proteins within the intermembrane. These transporters transfers ADP, Pi, and H atom(Substrate) from Inter membrane space to matrix and ATP (Product) from matrix to inner membrane space. There are presently three transporter protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane such as; Adenine Nucleotide Translocase It is an … Read more
Post-glycolysis processes Glycolysis is a process that involves: Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP Glycolysis could not continue indefinitely if all NAD+ was used up and glycolysis would cease. Organisms must be capable of oxidizing NADH back into NAD+ … Read more
Glycolysis is the primary stage in the process of breaking down glucose in order to obtain energy to power the cell’s metabolism. The majority of living organisms perform glycolysis as a part in their metabolic process. This process does not require oxygen, which is why it is considered anaerobic. Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasms of … Read more
Pyruvate is a component of the process of lactic acid and alcohol fermentation in anaerobic conditions. in an aerobic state, pyruvate loses carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and transform into Acetyl CoA and enter the TCA cycle. It can as well, enter the biosynthetic pathways. If there is a drop in levels of glucose, pyruvate goes … Read more
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