What is Synapse? Definition of Synapse A synapse is a junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell, such as a muscle cell, that allows for the transmission of electrical or chemical signals. It consists of a presynaptic terminal, a synaptic cleft, and a postsynaptic terminal, facilitating communication within the nervous … Read more
What is Action Potential? Definition of action potential An action potential is defined as a rapid, transient change in the electrical membrane potential of a neuron, characterized by a brief depolarization followed by repolarization. This process allows neurons to transmit signals over long distances. It occurs when the membrane potential reaches a critical threshold, leading … Read more
What is Neuronal Membrane? Components of Neuronal Membrane Cytosol and Extracellular Fluid The cytosol and extracellular fluid are essential environments for neuronal function, as they provide the medium for the movement of ions, which generate the electrical signals vital to neuron activity. The presence of water, along with ions dissolved in it, plays a critical … Read more
Immunology is the branch of biological and medical sciences that studies the immune system, which is the body’s defense mechanism against harmful organisms, pathogens (like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites), and other foreign substances. Immunologists work to understand how the immune system functions in both health and disease, including autoimmune disorders, hypersensitivities (like allergies), immunodeficiencies, … Read more
What are Dendrites? Definition of Dendrites Dendrites are branched extensions of neurons that receive and process incoming signals from other neurons, facilitating communication within the nervous system. They transmit electrical impulses toward the cell body and play a crucial role in integrating synaptic inputs to generate action potentials. Characteristics features of Dendrites The following characteristics … Read more
What is Axon? Definition of Axon An axon is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell (neuron) that transmits electrical impulses, known as action potentials, away from the neuron’s cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands, facilitating communication within the nervous system. Characteristics features of Axon Axons are vital structures in the nervous … Read more
Biochemistry is the branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. It combines principles from both biology and chemistry to study biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Biochemists investigate how these molecules interact, how they contribute to the structure and function of cells, and how metabolic … Read more
What is Neuroglia? Definition of Neuroglia Neuroglia, or glial cells, are non-neuronal cells in the nervous system that provide support, insulation, and protection for neurons. They play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, facilitating communication, and responding to injury or disease within the central and peripheral nervous systems. Classification of Neuroglia Neuroglia, or glial cells, are … Read more
What is Neuron? Definition of Neuron A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. How Do Neurons Work? Neurons communicate through a combination of electrical impulses and chemical signals, ensuring efficient information transfer throughout the body. By facilitating the rapid transmission of … Read more
What is Nervous System? Definition of Nervous System The nervous system is a complex network of cells and tissues that coordinates and regulates the activities of an organism by transmitting electrical signals between different parts of the body. Cells of the Nervous System Neurones Glial Cells Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Microglia Ependymal cells Nervous System Structure and … Read more
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