Human Heart – Definition, Location, Anatomy, Structure, Functions

Human Heart - Definition, Location, Anatomy, Structure, Functions

Definition of Human Heart The human heart is a vital organ that continuously pumps blood throughout the body, providing oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products. It is a hollow muscular organ located in the chest, primarily on the left side, and consists of four chambers that contract in a coordinated manner to … Read more

Kidney – Structure, Anatomy, Urine Formation, acid-base balance, and Function

Kidney - Structure, Anatomy, Urine Formation, acid-base balance, and Function

What is Kidney? Features of Kidney The kidney is a remarkable organ with several notable features. Here are some key features of the kidney: These features highlight the vital role of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis and overall health. Structure of Kidney The structure of the kidney is characterized by its bean-like shape and various … Read more

Mechanical and chemical digestion of food – Absorptions of Differenet Molecules

Mechanical and chemical digestion of food - Absorptions of Differenet Molecules

Digestion is a complex process that allows our bodies to break down the food we consume into smaller, more manageable components. This crucial process enables the absorption of nutrients and energy necessary for our overall health and well-being. Digestion occurs through a combination of mechanical and chemical processes, working together harmoniously to ensure the efficient … Read more

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Definition, Principle, Procedure, Applications

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Definition, Principle, Procedure, Applications

Agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) is an approach that is used to distinguish DNA from RNA based on their molecular sizes.
The separation of RNA and DNA molecules is accomplished when nucleic acids that are negatively charged travel through an agarose structure under an influence of an electrical fields (electrophoresis).

Hemocytometer and Haemocytometry

Hemocytometer and Haemocytometry

Despite all the technical advances in scientific laboratories, the Neubauer Chamber is still the most widely used method for cell counting worldwide. This technical data sheet was created to assist experienced and novice researchers in performing a cell count using a Neubauer or Hemocytometer. These principles can be applied to any cell-counting chamber. However, the … Read more

Top and Best Books for Microbiology

Top and Best Books for Microbiology

In this article we will discuss about the Top and Best Books for Microbiology. Best Microbiology Textbook for B.Sc and M.Sc Students. There are 14 core subject of Microbiology. Introduction to Microbiology and Microbial Diversity Bacteriology Biochemistry Virology Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Cell Biology Molecular Biology Microbial Genetics Environmental Microbiology Food and Dairy Microbiology Industrial … Read more

MacConkey Agar – Composition, Uses, Colony Characteristics

MacConkey Agar Composition, Uses, Colony Characteristics

MacConkey Agar is a selective and differentiated culture medium widely used to isolate of Gram-negative enteric bacteria.
It is selective since it allows for the growth of gram-negative bacteria , and differentiating the bacteria that are gram-negative based on their metabolic process of lactose.

KOH Test (Potassium hydroxide test) Principle, Procedure, Results, Uses

KOH Test (Potassium hydroxide test) Principle, Procedure, Results, Uses

A KOH pre-test is a quick, non-invasive procedure to diagnose fungal infections that affect the nails or skin.
The cells are collected from the affected region and put on a slide using an acid composed of potassium hydroxide. They are looked at under a microscope in order to determine if there are evidence of the presence of a mold.

Bile Esculin Test Principle, Procedure, Result, and application.

Bile Esculin Test Principle, Procedure, Result, and application.

Bile Esculin test The Bile Esculin test is a biological test that is used to distinguish Enterococci from Group D Streptococci from non-group D viridans group Streptococci by their capacity to hydrolyze esculin. A variety of organisms are capable hydrolyzing esculin. But only a handful of them can do it when they are surrounded by … Read more

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