Gene Expression Profiling – Definition, Uses, Limitations

Gene Expression Profiling - Definition, Uses, Limitations

What is gene expression? What is Gene Expression Profiling? Gene Expression Profiling Definition Gene expression profiling (GEP) is a technology for identifying the genes that are active in a given sample of cells or tissue. This technique enables profiling of genes that are differentially expressed in disease states; thereby providing diagnostic and prognostic information. Tools … Read more

Next Generation Sequencing – Principle, Steps Involved, and Applications

Next Generation Sequencing - Principle, Steps Involved, and Applications

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a technology for high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing. It allows for the rapid and simultaneous analysis of millions of DNA fragments, enabling comprehensive genomic studies such as genome sequencing, transcriptome analysis, and epigenetic profiling. NGS has revolutionized the field of genomics, providing a faster and more cost-effective way to study the … Read more

Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs) – Definition, Structure, Construction, Uses

Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs) - Definition, Structure, Construction, Uses

What is Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs)? Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are the result of a recombinant DNA cloning technique used to isolate and propagate extremely large DNA segments in a yeast host. The YAC cloning system enables the replication of exogenous DNA segments as linear molecules on a significantly larger scale than is possible with … Read more

PAM Sequence (Protospacer adjacent motif) – Definition, Functions, Properties

PAM Sequence (Protospacer adjacent motif) - Definition, Functions, Properties

What is PAM Sequence (Protospacer adjacent motif)? Protospacer Adjacent Motif, or PAM, is a type of two-factor authentication that tells Cas to only cut the foreign DNA that is invading. Properties of PAM sequence Spacers/protospacers PAM sequences Functions of PAM Sequence 1. Role of PAM in spacer acquisition 2. Role of PAM in interference 3. … Read more

Theta Model of Replication – Definition, Mechanism

Theta Model of Replication - Definition, Mechanism

What is Theta Model of Replication? Theta structures are produced during the replication of circular DNA molecules (prokaryote DNA). Two replication forks can move independently around the DNA ring, and the structure resembles the Greek letter (theta) when viewed from above. Procedure of Theta (θ) Model of Replication There are three phases to the replication … Read more

Rolling Circle Replication –  Mechanism, Application

Rolling Circle Replication -  Mechanism, Application

What is Rolling circle replication? What Is Circular DNA? Mechanism of Rolling circle replication The Rolling circle replication is completed in the following steps; 1. Initiation of Rolling circle replication 2. Elongation of Rolling circle replication 3. Termination of Rolling circle replication As a summary, a typical DNA rolling circle replication has five steps Replication … Read more

CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing – Definition, Mechanism, Application

CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing - Definition, Mechanism, Application

What is gene/genome editing? Gene or genome editing refers to the deliberate and precise modification of an organism’s genetic material. This advanced biotechnological process allows for the targeted alteration of DNA sequences within a genome, facilitating the correction of genetic anomalies or the introduction of specific traits. Historically, the concept of gene editing traces its … Read more

Cas9 Protein – Structure, Types, Function

Cas9 Protein - Structure, Types, FunctionCas9 Protein - Structure, Types, Function

Name  Cas9 endonuclease Alternative name spCas9/spyCas9 Organism  Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M1 Molecular weight ~163KDa Gene  cas9 Location on chromosome 0.85 to 0.86Mb Protein CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1 Cofactor Mg2+ Biological processing  Interference- defense response to phage.Maintaining CRISPR repeat sequences Functions DNA and RNA bindingMetal ion binding3’-5’ exonuclease activityEndonuclease activity  What is Cas9 Protein? Structure of Cas9 HNH … Read more

DNA Repair Mechanisms and Types

DNA Repair Mechanisms and Types

What is dna repair mechanism? DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. dna repair definition Types of dna repair mechanism There are present four types of DNA Repair System such as; 1. Mismatch Repair System Enzyme participate in dna … Read more

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