BNO Team 
6 min read 
Tyrode’s Solution, Acidic Preparation To prepare 1L of Tyrode’s Solution, Acidic, the following components are required; Component Amount Concentration NaCl (mw: 58.44 g/mol) 8 g 0.1368 M KCl (mw: 74.55 g/mol) 200 mg 0.0027 M CaCl2•2H2O (mw: 147.01 g/mol) 240 mg 0.0016 M MgCl2•6H2O (mw: 203.3 g/mol) 100 mg 0.0005 M Glucose (mw: 180.16 g/mol) … Read more
7 min read 
ACK Lysis Buffer Preparation ACK Lysis Buffer is used to lyse red blood cells. To prepare 1L of ACK Lysis Buffer the following components are required; Component Amount Concentration NH4Cl (mw: 53.49 g/mol) 8.02 g 0.15 M KHCO3 (mw: 100.12 g/mol) 1 g 0.01 M Na2EDTA (mw: 372.24 g/mol) 37 mg 0.0001 M ACK Lysis … Read more
1 min read 
This is the recipe for the crystal violet stain used in the Gram stain and other staining procedures.
3 min read 
Tris-SDS Buffer (pH 6.8) is used to prepare buffer for stacking gel during SDS-PAGE (SDSPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). It is a discontinuous gel with a huge pores size to concentrate proteins prior to entering the separating zone. The buffer is sold in a 5X stock.
2 min read 
SSPE (Blot, 20x, pH 7.4) Preparation and Recipe Required components Component Amount Concentration Sodium chloride (mw: 58.44 g/mol) 175.3 g 3 M Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Monohydrate (mw: 137.99 g/mol) 27.6 g 0.2 M EDTA (mw: 292.24 g/mol) 7.4 g 0.02 M SSPE (Blot, 20x, pH 7.4) Preparation Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container. Add 175.3 g of Sodium chloride to the solution. Add 27.6 g of Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Monohydrate to the solution. Add 7.4 g of EDTA to the solution. Add distilled water until the volume is 1 L. … Read more
1 min read
Calcium Chloride Stock Solution Preparation Calcium chloride is a common calcium salt used in a variety of applications. To prepare 1L of Calcium Chloride Stock Solution the following components are required. Component Amount Concentration CaCl2 (mw: 110.98 g/mol) 58 g 0.5226 M Preparation procedure Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container. Add … Read more
1 min read 
Bath Solution Preparation To prepare 1L of Bath Solution (Ca2+/Mg2+ Free) the following components are required; Component Amount Concentration KOH (mw: 56.11 g/mol) 7.854 g 0.14 M HEPES (mw: 238.3 g/mol) 4.766 g 0.02 M KCl (mw: 74.55 g/mol) 149 mg 0.002 M EGTA (mw: 380.35 g/mol) 1.902 g 0.005 M Methanesulfonic acid (mw: 96.11 … Read more
1 min read
Pyronin Y(G) (PY) is a dye used for DNA staining. PY has orange spectral emission that is easily distinguishable from FITC and 7-AAD.
2 min read
This dye has been used as a counterstain in saturated aqueous potassium alum and in a counterstain solution of 0.1% (w/v) with 5% aluminum sulfate for a Prussian Blue Stain for ferric iron. It has been used as a reagent for calcium in tissue where it forms a scarlet lake.
4 min read
This “Mayer’s hemalum solution – for microscopy” is used for human-medical cell diagnosis and serves the histological and clinico-cytological investigation of sample material of human origin.