BNO Team 
Medicinal folklore was the primary treatment procedure for infections before the early 20th century. Over 2,000 years ago, a mixture of different antimicrobial properties was used to treat infections. The ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks, and other ancient cultures used selected mold and plant materials for the treatment of infections. After the discovery of synthetic … Read more
Mode of action of antibiotics Antibiotics are used in medicine and agriculture to prevent bacterial infection. The mode of action of antibiotics is varied based on the types of antibiotics. Some of them act by limiting the growth of bacteria and some of them act by killing the bacterial cell by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. … Read more
Treatment of an antifungal disease is quite difficult than a bacterial infection. The reason is quite clear that most of the eukaryotic fungal cells have a lot in common with human cells, so antifungal drugs can also damage the host body cells. Also, some fungi have detoxification properties that can modify antifungal drugs and as … Read more
Antiviral drug referred to those drugs or chemical agents that are used for the treatment of viral infection. There are present several types of antiviral drugs that are used for the treatment of viral infections such as Amantadine, Acyclovir, Azidothymidine, Ganciclovir, Abacavir. Each of these antiviral drugs follows a different mechanism. The variation in their … Read more
Antibiotic resistance or Drug resistance to bacteria is a modern enemy of the new generation. Before we know about antibiotic resistance, we must first know what bacteria are? Bacteria is a type of germs, which is found inside or outside of human or animal bodies. Most of the bacteria are harmless, and some of them … Read more
What is Human Circulatory Circuit? Definition of Human Circulatory Circuit The human circulatory circuit, also known as the cardiovascular system, is a complex network comprising the heart and blood vessels that facilitate the continuous flow of blood throughout the body, ensuring the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products to and from cells. This system … Read more
What is Human Circulatory System? Definition of Human Circulatory System The human circulatory system is a complex network of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, driven by the heart, responsible for transporting nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. Features of Circulatory System The human circulatory system, a cornerstone of physiological functionality, … Read more
What is Blood Pressure? Definition of Blood Pressure Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries, measured in terms of systolic and diastolic pressures during the cardiac cycle. Types of Blood Pressure Blood pressure, a critical physiological parameter, is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls … Read more
What is Digastric Muscle? Digastric Muscle Definition The digastric muscle is a bilaterally paired suprahyoid muscle located beneath the jaw, characterized by two distinct ‘bellies’—an anterior and a posterior section—that play pivotal roles in jaw movement and swallowing. Characteristics of Digastric Muscle The digastric muscle exhibits several distinctive characteristics: Where is the Digastric Muscle Located? … Read more
What is Submandibular Gland? Definition of Submandibular Gland The submandibular gland is one of the major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth, responsible for producing a significant portion of saliva that aids in lubrication and digestion. Anatomical Position of Submandibular Gland Situated within the anterior region of the submandibular triangle, the submandibular … Read more
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