What are peroxisomes

Peroxisomes are small, membrane-bound organelles found in virtually all eukaryotic cells, characterized by a single lipid bilayer membrane. They play critical roles in cellular metabolism, particularly in the catabolism of very-long-chain fatty acids through beta-oxidation, detoxification of harmful reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide using enzymes like catalase, and biosynthesis of important lipids including plasmalogens that are essential for normal cellular function and membrane integrity.