What is Beta-oxidation? Definition of Beta-oxidation Beta-oxidation is the metabolic process in cells where fatty acids are broken down into smaller units called acetyl-CoA, generating energy in the form of ATP. Location of Beta-Oxidation Beta-oxidation, a crucial metabolic pathway for the breakdown of fatty acids, occurs in specific cellular locations depending on the organism’s type. In … Read more
What is Energy rich compound? Phosphoenolpyruvate Structure of Phosphoenolpyruvate The structure of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) consists of a three-carbon pyruvate molecule with an additional phosphate group attached to one of the carbon atoms. Here is the structural formula of PEP: HO-C=O | P-O-P-OH | CH2-CHO In the structure, the central carbon atom is double-bonded to an … Read more
What is Carbohydrate? Definition of Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are carbon-based compounds that serve as a source of energy and play important roles in the structure and function of living organisms. Structure of Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Monosaccharides are fundamental units of carbohydrates and are often referred to as simple sugars. They play essential roles in various biological processes … Read more
What is Isomerism? Definition of Isomerism Isomerism is the phenomenon in chemistry where molecules or ions have the same molecular formula but differ in their spatial arrangement or bond connectivity. Different Types of Isomerism Isomerism, a fundamental concept in chemistry, can be classified into two primary types: structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Let’s delve into these … Read more
What is Cis and Trans Isomers? What causes cis and trans isomerism? Cis and trans isomerism arise due to the restricted rotation around a double bond or in a ring structure. This restricted rotation locks the atoms or groups into specific spatial arrangements, leading to different isomeric forms. Let’s explore an example to understand the … Read more
What is Linkage isomerism? – Linkage isomerism Definition Ligands Ligands That Can Form Linkage Isomers ligand Lewis structure name donor atoms CN– cyanide ion C or N SCN– thiocyanate ion S or N NO2– nitrite ion N or O Ambidentate Ligand An ambidentate ligand is a type of ligand that possesses two different potential sites … Read more
What is Structural isomer? Types of Structural isomer Structural isomerism, also known as constitutional isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which the atoms within a molecule are arranged in different orders, resulting in compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Structural isomers often exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties. Let’s explore … Read more
What is Tautomer? Tautomer definition A tautomer is a type of isomer that exists in multiple interconvertible structures, differing in the relative position of a specific atomic nucleus, typically hydrogen. What Is Tautomerism? Structural Requirement of Tautomerism Tautomerism, the phenomenon of interconversion between different isomeric forms of a compound, has specific structural requirements. Here are … Read more
What is Keto Enol Tautomerization? Keto Enol Tautomer Structure The structure of a molecule plays a significant role in determining the favorability and stability of keto and enol forms during keto enol tautomerization. In general, ketones are more favored over enols in many common molecular structures. However, the presence and nature of the α-carbon (the … Read more
What is Triosephosphate isomerase? Mechanism of Triosephosphate isomerase Structure of Triosephosphate isomerase Triosephosphate isomerase in glycolysis Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) plays a crucial role in the glycolysis pathway, which is the central metabolic pathway responsible for the breakdown of glucose to produce energy. TPI catalyzes the reversible isomerization of two triose phosphate molecules: dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) … Read more
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