Clostridium perfringens – Overview

Clostridium perfringens 

The genus Clostridium comprises Gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore-forming bacilli. The endospores are typically larger than the bacilli’s bodies, giving the bacteria a spindle-like appearance, hence the name Clostridium. Clostridium  In order to classify clostridia, numerous methods have been utilised. The standard approach for classifying Clostridium is predicated on a combination of the following characteristics: According to … Read more

Clostridium tetani – Overview

Clostridium tetani - Overview

Tetanus is caused by C. tetani, an obligate anaerobic Gram-positive bacillus. Tetanus is an infectious disease characterised by increased muscle tone and spasms caused by the release of tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by C. tetani when it is inoculated into humans. Morphology of Clostridium tetani C. tetani demonstrates the following characteristics: Geographical distribution of Clostridium … Read more

Clostridium botulinum – Overview

Clostridium botulinum - Overview

Types of Botulism  There are three primary forms of botulism: baby, wound, and foodborne. Additional clinical classifications include adult intestinal toxaemia and iatrogenic botulism. 1. Foodborne botulism 2. Infant botulism 3. Wound botulism 4. Adult intestinal toxemi 5. Iatrogenic botulism Morphology of Clostridium botulinum C. botulinum has the following characteristics: Habitat of Clostridium botulinum Geographical … Read more

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) – Structure, Functions

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Structure, Functions

Structure and Composition of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) It is composed of three components like; O-antigen Core Structure of Core or Core oligosaccharide (or Core-OS) The core domain always contains an oligosaccharide component which attaches directly to lipid A and commonly contains sugars such as heptose and 3-deoxy-D-mannooctulosonic acid (also known as KDO or keto-deoxyoctulosonate). It is … Read more

Sphaeroplasts – Definition, Formation, Applications

Sphaeroplasts - Definition, Formation, Applications

What is Sphaeroplast? A Spheroplast (or sphaeroplast according to British use) can be described as a microbe organism with a cell wall that is almost entirely gone through the penicillin or Lysozyme. According to certain definitions the term is employed to refer to Gram-negative bacteria. In other definitions, the word also includes yeasts. Spheroplast’s name … Read more

Protoplasts – Definition, Application and Protoplasts Culture

Protoplasts - Definition, Application and Protoplasts Culture

Protoplast Definition Protoplasts are plant cells that are completely naked with no cell wall however they do have plasma membranes and other components of the cell. They are functional cells, but without the presence of a barrier, cell wall. Protoplasts from various species can be merged to create a hybrid, and this is known as … Read more

Protoplasts Isolation

Protoplasts Isolation

The protoplast, sometimes referred to as a naked plant cell refers to all the constituents in a cell of plant that are not the wall of the cell. The term”protoplast” was first used in the work of Hanstein in 1880 to refer to the living matter contained within the membrane of the plant cell. The … Read more

Protoplasts fusion – Somatic fusion

Protoplasts fusion - Somatic fusion

The process of somatic fusion is also known as protoplast Fusion, is a kind of genetic modification of plants in which two plant species are merged into a hybrid plant that has the traits of both species the species, an somatic hybrid. Hybrids are created among different species that are of the exact same species … Read more

Protoplast Culture Methods

Protoplast Culture Methods

Isolated protoplasts can be cultured in a liquid medium , or semisolid agar medium , either in thin layers or tiny drops of nutrient medium in petridish. The medium used to cultivate protoplasts is the same as that needed for suspension or callus culture. The increase in calcium concentration aids in maintaining the membrane’s integrity. … Read more

Bacterial Culture Technique

Bacterial Culture Technique

Microbiological cultures, also known as Microbial culture is the technique of generating microbial species by the process of letting them reproduce in a conditions in a monitored laboratory conditions. Microbiological cultures are fundamental and essential diagnostic methods that are employed as research tools within molecular biology. The term “culture” could be used to describe the … Read more

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