Nonsporing anaerobes – Definition, Classification, Examples, Diagnosis

Nonsporing anaerobes - Definition, Classification, Examples, Diagnosis

What are Nonsporing anaerobes? Classification of Non-Sporing Anaerobes Non-sporing anaerobes are microorganisms that thrive without the need for oxygen and do not produce spores. Based on their morphology and staining properties, these bacteria are classified into several categories. Here’s a breakdown of how they are classified according to their Gram reaction and structure: Gram-Negative Bacilli: … Read more

Corynebacterium diphtheriae – Morphology, Pathogenesis, treatment

Mechanism of Action - Diphtheria Toxin

What is Corynebacterium diphtheriae? Scientific classification of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Domain: Bacteria Phylum: Actinomycetota Class: Actinomycetia Order: Mycobacteriales Family: Corynebacteriaceae Genus: Corynebacterium Species: C. diphtheriae Geographical Distribution and Habitat of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria, and its distribution is heavily influenced by geographic, environmental, and immunization factors. Here’s a breakdown of where … Read more

Streptococcus pyogenes – Morphology, Pathogenesis, Treatment

Streptococcus pyogenes - Morphology, Pathogenesis, Treatment

What is Streptococcus pyogenes? Classification of Streptococcus Streptococcus species are diverse bacteria that are classified based on their oxygen requirements, hemolytic activity, and antigenic structure. These classifications provide a framework for identifying different types of streptococci and understanding their roles in human health and disease. Classification by Oxygen Requirement Classification Based on Hemolysis on Blood … Read more

Neisseria meningitidis – Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

Neisseria meningitidis - Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

What is Neisseria meningitidis? Geographical Distribution of Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria meningitidis, the bacteria responsible for meningococcal disease, is a global threat. However, its impact varies across different regions, with certain serogroups causing more significant outbreaks and epidemics than others. The distribution of this pathogen is not uniform, and the occurrence of cases is often influenced … Read more

Neisseria gonorrhoeae – Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment

DNA Secretion and Uptake Mechanisms in the Neisseria Bacteria

What is Neisseria gonorrhoeae? Morphology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative bacterium that presents a distinctive morphology. It exhibits unique structural features that help in its identification and understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms. These structural features give N. gonorrhoeae the tools it needs to infect and persist in the human body, leading to … Read more

Mycobacterium tuberculosis – Pathogenesis, Virulence, Treatment

Overview of Mtb infection. Mtb enters the human body through the airway where it engages the innate immune system within the alveolar space. Macrophages and dendritic cells ingest the bacteria, recruiting new cells and activating adaptive immunity. Together, the innate and adaptive immune systems collaborate to eradicate the bacteria or restrict its active replication within a granuloma. Active tuberculosis occurs either after primary infection or after reactivation due to immunodeficiency, leading to symptomatic disease and transmission to a new host to start a new infection cycle.

Classification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis The genus Mycobacterium comprises over 70 species, several of which are pathogenic to humans. The most notable among these is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (TB). Understanding the classification of M. tuberculosis and its related species is crucial for medical research and public health. Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis The … Read more

Bacillus cereus – Habitat, Morphology, Pathogenicity, Virulence Factors

An Overview of Bacillus cereus

Domain: Bacteria Phylum: “Firmicutes” Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Bacillaceae Genus: Bacillus Species: B. cereus Definition of Bacillus cereus Bacillus cereus is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that produces toxins leading to foodborne illnesses. It can cause two main types of gastrointestinal disorders: emetic (vomiting) syndrome and diarrheal syndrome. This bacterium is commonly found in soil … Read more

Methods For Maintenance and Preservation of Pure Cultures

Methods For Maintenance and Preservation of Pure Cultures

Discover essential techniques for the Maintenance and Preservation of Pure Cultures, focusing on bacterial and fungal preservation methods. This comprehensive guide covers best practices to ensure the longevity and purity of microbial cultures, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and laboratory professionals. The following points highlight the top 7 methods used for maintenance and … Read more

Streptococcus pneumoniae – Habitat, Morphology, Genomes

Streptococcus pneumoniae - Habitat, Morphology, Genomes

Streptococcus pneumoniae Overview Streptococcus pneumoniae, commonly known as pneumococcus, is a Gram-positive, spherical bacterium. It is alpha-hemolytic and belongs to the genus Streptococcus. Discovered by Louis Pasteur and George Sternberg in the late 19th century, it is a significant human pathogen, especially noted for causing pneumonia. S. pneumoniae typically appears as lancet-shaped diplococci, meaning it … Read more

Structure of Gram-negative Cell Wall

Structure of Gram-negative cell wall

What are Gram-negative bacteria? Cell wall of the Gram-negative is more complicated than the Gram-positive cell wall. The amount of peptidoglycan present in the Gram-negative cell wall is considerably lower than that of that of the cell’s Gram positive wall. There are only a few layers of peptidoglycan (2-8 millimeters) are visible in the cell … Read more

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