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Ecological levels of organization Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere Ecological Level 1 – Organisms Ecological Level 2 – Population Ecological Level 3 – Biological Community Types of Community Depending on how big they are and how independent they are, communities can be put into two groups: Major Community Minor … Read more
Short-term interactions 1. Predation Example of Predation 2. Pollination Example of Pollination 3. Seed dispersal Example of Seed dispersal Symbiosis: long-term interactions Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, neutralism, amensalism, and competition are the six forms of symbiosis. These are distinguished by the extent to which they benefit or hurt each partner. 1. Competition Example of Competition 2. … Read more
What is climax community? Climax community means Characteristics of a climax community Nature of Climax Community 1. Poly-climax and Mono-climax 2. Pattern theory of Climax Factors Affecting the Nature of Climax Community Transient and cyclic climax Theories of the Climax Community There are several ideas about what happens at the end: 1. Mono-climax Theory 2. … Read more
What are Abiotic Factors? Definition of Abiotic Factors Abiotic factors refer to the non-living physical and chemical elements in an ecosystem that influence and shape the conditions within which living organisms thrive and interact. Types of Abiotic Factors Here is the list of abiotic factors: Abiotic Factor Description Air A mixture of gases essential for … Read more
Definition of Biotic Factor Biotic factors are the living components or variables that have an effect on an ecosystem or other species residing in that ecosystem. Biology definition A biotic factor is a factor produced by a live organism or any living component in its surroundings as a result of the organism’s actions. Biotic factors … Read more
What is an Ecosystem? Ecosystem Definition An ecosystem is a complex interplay of living organisms and their physical environment, interacting as a functional unit. Characteristics of Ecosystem An ecosystem, as delineated by Smith (1966), possesses several distinct characteristics that underscore its significance in the realm of ecology: In essence, these characteristics elucidate the dynamic nature … Read more
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