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Why do different forms of DNA exist? Main spiral properties of DNA forms. Prop|Form A B Z Spiral type Right Right Left Step, Å 28.03 33.75 43. 5 Bases per coil 11 10 12 Major groove width, Å 7.985:A.P — 30:B.P4:A.P — 31:B.P 17.918:A.P — 29:B.P9:A.P — 28:B.P 15.1714:A.P — 27:B.P13:A.P — 28:B.P Minor groove … Read more
What is ELISA? ELISA, short for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, is a widely used and highly sensitive test in the field of immunoassays. It was first introduced by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann in 1971 and has since become a gold standard technique for detecting and quantifying various molecules, including hormones, glycoproteins, proteins, antibodies, and antigens. … Read more
What is Hyaline cartilage? Characteristics of Hyaline cartilage The characteristics of hyaline cartilage make it well-suited for its various functions, including providing structural support, reducing friction between joint surfaces, facilitating smooth movement, and aiding in the growth and development of skeletal elements. What is Elastic cartilage? Elastic cartilage is a type of connective tissue that … Read more
Bones and cartilage are two essential components of the skeletal system in vertebrates, providing structure, support, and protection to the body. While both bones and cartilage contribute to the framework of the body, they differ significantly in their composition, physical structure, cellular makeup, and functions. Understanding the differences between bones and cartilage is crucial for … Read more
When it comes to molecular cloning and genetic engineering, vectors play a crucial role. These vectors act as carriers, transporting foreign genetic material into host cells, allowing for replication and expression. In this article, we will explore the different types of vectors, such as plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes, and their various applications. … Read more
What is Northern Blotting? Northern blotting is a laboratory technique used to study gene expression patterns by detecting and analyzing RNA molecules. It is named after its similarity to the Southern blotting technique, which is used for DNA analysis. The Northern blotting method allows researchers to determine the presence, size, and abundance of specific RNA … Read more
What is Transduction? Steps of Transduction The process of transduction involves several steps, which can be summarized as follows: The overall outcome of transduction is the transfer of genetic material, including specific genes or genetic elements, between bacteria. This process facilitates the spread of genetic diversity, including the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes or virulence … Read more
What is Ebola ? Ebola is a virus that causes a severe and often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (such as monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees). The virus is named after the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire), where it was first identified in 1976. Ebola is a viral hemorrhagic … Read more
What is Neisseria Gonorrhoeae? Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterium that can cause the sexually transmitted infection (STI) called gonorrhea. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can infect the genital tract, anus, and throat. Symptoms of gonorrhea can include painful urination, discharge from the genitals, and painful or swollen testicles in men, and abnormal vaginal … Read more
What is Archaea? Characteristics of Archaea Archaea are single-celled microorganisms that belong to the prokaryotic domain of life and share some characteristics with bacteria. However, they also possess unique features that distinguish them from bacteria. The main characteristics of Archaea include: These characteristics make Archaea unique and important microorganisms in the study of the evolution … Read more
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